Applied climatology: ‘heat waves’

Abstract

Get full access to this article

View all access options for this article.

References

Bell, J. L. , Sloan, L. C. and Snyder, M. A. 2004: Regional changes in extreme climatic events: a future climate scenario. Journal of Climate 17, 81-87.

Beniston, M. 2004: The 2003 heat wave in Europe: a shape of things to come? An analysis based on Swiss climatological data and model simulations. Geophysical Research Letters 31, L02202-L02202.

Changnon, D. , Sandstrom, M. and Schaffer, C. 2003: Relating changes in agricultural practices to increasing dew points in extreme Chicago heat waves. Climate Research 24, 243-254.

Davis, R. E. , Knappenberger, P. C. , Novicoff, W. M. and Michaels, P. J. 2002a: Decadal changes in summer mortality in US cities. International Journal of Biometeorology 47, 166-175.

Davis, R. E. , Knappenberger, P. C. , Novicoff, W. M. and Michaels, P. J. 2002b: Decadal changes in heat-related human mortality in the eastern United States. Climate Research 22, 175-184.

De, U. S. , Khole, M. and Dandekar, M. M. 2004: Natural hazards associated with meteorological extreme events. Natural Hazards 31, 487-497.

Dessai, S. 2003a: Heat stress and mortality in Lisbon. Part 1: model construction and validation. International Journal of Biometeorology 47, 6-12.

Dessai, S. 2003b: Heat stress and mortality in Lisbon. Part II: an assessment of the potential impacts of climate change. International Journal of Bio-meteorology 48, 37-44.

Diaz, J. , Jordan, A. , Garcia, R. , Lopez, C. , Alberdi, J. C. , Hernandez, E. and Otero, A. 2002a: Heat waves in Madrid 1986-97: effects on the health of the elderly. International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health 75, 163-170.

10.

Diaz, J. , Garcia, R. , de Castro, F. V. , Hernandez, E. , Lopez, C. and Otero, A. 2002b: Effects of extremely hot days on people older than 65 years in Seville (Spain) from 1986-1997. International Journal of Biometeorology 46, 145-149.

11.

Domonkos, P. , Kysely, J. , Piotrowicz, K. , Petrovic, P. and Likso, T. 2003: Variability of extreme temperature events in south-central Europe during the 20th century and its relationship with large scale circulation. International Journal of Climatology 23, 987-1010.

12.

Driscoll, D. M. 1985: Human health. In Houghton, D. D. , Editor, Handbook of applied meteorology. Chichester: John Wiley and Sons, 778-814.

13.

Easterling, D. R. , Evans, J. L. , Groisman, P. Y. , Karl, T. R. , Kunkel, K. E. and Ambenje, P. 2000: Observed variability and trends in extreme climate events: a brief review. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 81, 419-425.

14.

Frich, P. , Alexander, L. V. , Della-Marta, P. , Gleason, B. , Haylock, M. , Tank, A. M. G. K. and Peterson, T. 2002: Observed coherent changes in climatic extremes during the second half of the twentieth century. Climate Research 19, 193-212.

15.

Gaffen, D. J. and Ross, R. J. 1999: Climatology and trends of US surface humidity and temperature. Journal of Climate 12, 811-828.

16.

Garcia, R. , Prieto, L. , Diaz, J. , Hernandez, E. and del Teso, T. 2002: Synoptic conditions leading to extremely high temperatures in Madrid. Annales Geophysicae 20, 237-245.

17.

Huth, R. , Kysely, J. and Pokorna, L. 2000: A GCM simulation of heat waves, dry spells and their relationships to circulation. Climatic Change 46, 29-60.

18.

Huynen, M. , Martens, P. , Schram, D. , Weijenberg, M. P. and Kunst, A. E. 2001: The impact of heat waves and cold spells on mortality rates in the Dutch population. Environmental Health Perspectives 109, 463-470.

19.

Jauregui, E. and Tejeda, A. 2001: A scenario of human thermal comfort in Mexico City for 2 CO2 conditions. Atmosfera 14, 125-138.

20.

Kalkstein, L. S. , Jamazon, P. F. , Greene, J. S. , Libby, J. and Robinson, L. 1996: The Philadelphia hot weather - health watch/warning system: development and Application Summer 1995. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 77, 1519-1528.

21.

Kysely, J. 2003: Temporal fluctuations in heat waves at Prague-Klementinum, the Czech Republic, from 1901-97, and their relationships to atmospheric circulation. International Journal of Climatology 22, 33-50.

22.

Laschewski, G. and Jendritzky, G. 2002: Effects of the thermal environment on human health: an investigation of 30 years of daily mortality data from SW Germany. Climate Research 21, 91-103.

23.

Matzarakis, A. , Mayer, H. and Iziomon, M. G. 1999: Applications of a universal thermal index: physiological equivalent temperature. International Journal of Biometeorology 43, 76-84.

24.

McGeehin, M. A. and Mirabelli, M. 2001: The potential impacts of climate variability and change on temperature related morbidity and mortality in the United States. Environmental Health Perspectives 109, 185-189.

25.

McGregor, G. R. , Markou, M. T. , Bartzokas, A. and Katsoulis, B. D. 2002: An evaluation of the nature and timing of summer human thermal discomfort in Athens, Greece. Climate Research 20, 83-94.

26.

Meehl, G. A. , Karl, T. , Easterling, D. R. , Changnon, S. , Pielke, R. , Changnon, D. , Evans, J. , Groisman P. Y. , Knutson, T. R. , Kunkel, K. E. , Mearns, L. O. , Parmesan, C. , Pulwarty, R. , Root, T. , Sylves, R. T. , Whetton, P. and Zwiers, F. 2000: An introduction to trends in extreme weather and climate events: observations, socioeconomic impacts, terrestrial ecological impacts, and model projections. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 81, 413-416.

27.

Mietus, M. and Filipiak, J. 2004: The temporal and spatial patterns of thermal conditions in the area of the southwestern coast of the Gulf of Gdansk (Poland) from 1951 to 1998. International Journal of Climatology 24, 499-509.

28.

Nasrallah, H. A. , Nieplova, E. and Ramadan, E. 2004: Warm season extreme temperature events in Kuwait. Journal of Arid Environments 56, 357-371.

29.

Palecki, M. A. , Changnon, S. A. and Kunkel, K. E. 2001: The nature and impact of the July 1999 heat wave in the Midwestern United States: learning from lessons of 1995. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 82, 1353-1367.

30.

Rainham, D. G. C. and Smoyer-Tomic, K. E. 2003: The role of air pollution in the relationship between a heat stress index and human mortality in Toronto. Environment Research 93, 9-19.

31.

Robeson, S. M. 2004: Trends in time-varying percentiles of daily, minimum and maximum temperature. Geophysical Research Letters 31, L04203-L04203, doi:10.1029/2003GL019019.

32.

Robinson, P. J. 2001: On the definition of heat waves. Journal of Applied Meteorology 40, 762-775.

33.

Schar, C. , Vidale, P. L. , Luthi, D. , Frei, C. , Haberi, C. , Liniger, M. A. and Appenzeller, C. 2004: The role of increasing temperature variability in European summer heatwaves. Nature 427(6972), 332-336.

34.

Sheridan, S. 2002a: Heat related mortality: a rural problem too. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 83, 1466-1467.

35.

Sheridan, S. 2002b: The redevelopment of a weather-type classification scheme for North America. International Journal of Climatology 22, 51-68.

36.

Sheridan, S. 2004: Developing heat-warning systems for cities worldwide. In Janelle, D. G. , Warf, B. and Hansen, K. , editors, World Minds: geographical perspectives on 100 problems. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 487-492.

37.

Smoyer, K. E. , Kalkstein, L. S. , Greene, J. S. and Ye, H. C. 2000a: The impacts of weather and pollution on human mortality in Birmingham, Alabama and Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. International Journal of Climatology 20, 881-897.

38.

Smoyer, K. E. , Rainham, D. G. C. and Hewko, J. N. 2000b: Heat-stress-related mortality in five cities in Southern Ontario: 1980-1996. International Journal of Biometeorology 44, 190-197.

39.

Smoyer-Tomic, K. E. , Kuhn, R. and Hudson, A. 2003: Heat wave hazards: an overview of heat wave impacts in Canada. Natural Hazards 28, 463-485.

40.

Spagnolo, J. C. and De Dear, R. J. 2003: A human thermal climatology of subtropical Sydney. International Journal of Climatology 23, 1383-1395.

41.

Sparks, J. , Changnon, D. and Starke, J. 2002: Changes in the frequency of warm-season surface dew points in northeastern Illinois: implications for cooling-system design and operation. Journal of Applied Meteorology 41, 890-898.

42.

Tol, R. S. 2002: Estimates of the damage cost of climate change. Part I: benchmark estimates. Environmental and Resource Economics 21, 42-73.

43.

Wang, J. L. and Gaffen, D. J. 2001: Trends in extremes of surface humidity, temperature, and summertime heat stress in China. Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 18, 742-751.

44.

Watts, J. D. and Kalkstein, L. S. 2004: The development of a warm-weather relative stress index for environmental applications. Journal of Applied Meteorology 43, 503-513.

45.

Weisskopf, M. G. , Anderson, H. A. , Foldy, S. , Hanrahan, L. P. , Blair, K. , Torok, T. J. and Rumm P. D. 2002: Heat wave morbidity and mortality, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, 1999 versus 1995: an improved response? American Journal of Public Health 92, 830-833.