Abstract
The term “deep drawing” is generally understood to apply to the process of deforming sheet metal that is characterized by the use of a punch and a die, the sheet being drawn inwards and over the die profile by the advancing punch whilst the flange is controlled by moderate “blank-holding” pressure supplied by a suitably shaped blank-holder. Pressing, stretch-forming, beading, and embossing differ from deep drawing in that the edges of the material are generally prevented from being drawn in. This is achieved in the case of pressing either by the use of a very high blank-holding pressure or by the restraint of the large area of the flanges, by gripping the edge of the sheet in the case of stretch-forming, and by the large area of undeformed sheet in the case of beading and embossing. A general discussion of these and similar processes is given by Barlow.
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