Sol–gel chemistry is a large and rapidly expanding field. Recent developments are reported under two broad classifications, namely, inorganic and alkoxide based sols. The principal techniques in both areas are discussed, along with some of their advantages and disadvantages. Several novel uses of sol–gel routes which illustrate technical advances of the resultant powders without incurring large cost penalties are discussed. Some typical uses and potential applications of sol–gel precursors for the production of bulk ceramics and thin films are included.
MST/1965
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