Methods for diffusion bonding of Al–Li alloys in the solid state and via a transient liquid phase are described and the factors that affect bond quality are discussed. Bond shear strength values at room temperature and peel strength values at room temperature and at superplastic forming temperatures are compared. The possibility of combining diffusion bonding with superplastic forming to manufacture multiple sheet structures is considered. It is concluded that under the most favourable processing conditions and on a small scale, combined diffusion bonding and superplastic forming of Al–Li 8090 alloy is now possible. Future developments will involve the optimisation of the process for cost effective commercial applications.
MST/1608
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
SANDERST. H.Jr and STARKEE. A.Jr (eds): Proc. Int. Conf. on Aluminium—lithium alloys'; 1981, Warrendale, PA, TMS-AIME.
2.
SANDERST. H.Jr and STARKEE. A.Jr (eds): Proc. Int. Conf. on Aluminium—lithium alloys II'; 1984, Warrendale, PA, TMS-AIME.
3.
BAKERC., GREGSONP. J., HARRISS., and C. 1. PEEL (eds): Proc. Int. Conf. on Aluminium—lithium alloys III'; 1986, London, The Institute of Metals.
4.
CHAMPIERC., DUBOSTD., MANNAYS. D., and SABETAYL. (eds): J. Phys. (Orsay), 1987, 09–C3.
5.
STARKEE. A.Jr and SANDERST. H.Jr (eds): Proc. 5th Int. Conf. on ‘Aluminium—lithium alloys’; 1989, Birmingham, Materials and Components Engineering Publications.
6.
Proc. 6th Int. Aluminium—lithium Conf., Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany, 7-11 October 1991, Deutsche Gesellschaft für Materialkunde, to be published.
7.
PEELC. J., EVANSB., and McDARMAIDD. S.: in Ref. 3, pp. 26-36.
8.
MEYEP.R and a DUBOST: in Ref. 3, pp. 37-46.
9.
CHOA., GREENR. E., EDWARDSH. M., and SKILLINGBERGM. H.: in Ref. 6, to be published.
10.
PICICENSJ. R., LANGANT. J., and BARTAE.: in Ref. 3, pp. 137-147.
11.
KIMN. J., SKINNERD. J., OKAZAKIK., and ADAMC. M.: in Ref. 3, pp. 78-84.
12.
MESCHTERP. J. K., LEDERICHR. J., and O'NEALJ. E.: in Ref. 3, pp. 85-96.
13.
WHITEJ., WILLIST. C., and OWENA. J.: in Ref. 6, to be published.
14.
OILMANP. S., BROOKSJ. W., and BRIDGESP. J.: in Ref. 3, pp. 112-120.
15.
STEPHENSD.: in‘Designing with titanium’, 108; 1986, London, The Institute of Metals.
16.
MANSBRIDGEM. H.: in ‘Advanced materials, looking ahead to the 21st century’, 22nd International SAMPE Technical Conference, Boston, MA, 6-8 November 1990, SAMPE, 224.
17.
McDARMAIDD. S., PARTRIDGEP. G., and WISBEYA.: Super-plasticity in advanced materials’, 621; 1991, Osaka, Japan, The Japan Society for Research on Superplasticity.
18.
MARTUKANITZR. P., NATALIEC. A., and KNOEFELJ. O.: J. Met., November 1987, 38.
HILLA. and WALLACHE. R.: Acta Metall., 1989, 37, (9), 2425.
22.
PILLINGJ., LIVESEYD. W., HAWKYARDJ. B., and RIDLEYN.: Met. Sci.,1984, 18, (3), 117–122.
23.
GUOZ. X. and RIDLEYN.: Mater. Sci. Technol.,1987, 3, (11), 945–953.
24.
TAKAHASHIY. and NISHIGUCHIK.: Weld. World, 1989, 27, 3-4, 100.
25.
HOLDWAYP., GILMOREC. J., BOWENA. W., and PARTRIDGEP. G.: in Ref. 6, to be published.
26.
OWCZARSKIW. A.: ‘Physical metallurgy of metal joining’, 166; 1980, Pittsburgh, PA, AIME.
27.
ONZAWAT., SUZUMURAA., and KOM. W.: J. Jpn Weld. Soc.,1989, 7, (4), 38.
28.
FITZPATRICKG. A.: in Proc. Conf. On ‘Diffusion bonding’, (ed. PearceR., 253; 1987, Cranfield, Cranfield Institute of Technology, School of Industrial Science.
29.
RICKSR. A., MAHONG. J., PARSONSN. C., HEINRICHT., and WINKLERP.-J.: in Proc. Conf. ‘Diffusion bonding 2’, (ed. StephensonD. J.), 69; 1991, Amsterdam, Elsevier.
30.
LIVESEYD. W. and RIDLEYN.: in Proc. Conf. ‘Diffusion bonding 2’, (ed. StephensonD. J.), 83; 1991, Amsterdam, Elsevier.
31.
DUNFORDD. V., GILMOREC. J., and PARTRIDGEP. G.: in Ref. 6, to be published.
32.
WINKLERP.-J., HEINRICHT., KEYTER., MAHONG., and RICKSR. A.: in Ref. 6, to be published.
33.
DUNFORDD. V., GILMOREC. J., and PARTRIDGEP. G.: in Proc. Conf. on ‘Diffusion bonding’, (ed. PearceR., 143; 1987, Cranfield, Cranfield Institute of Technology, School of Industrial Science.
34.
HARVEYJ., PARTRIDGEP. G., and LURSHAYA.: Mater. Sci. Eng.,1986, 79, 151.
35.
WARD-CLOSEC. M. and PARTRIDGEP. G.: J. Mater. Sci., 1990, 25, 4315.
36.
PARTRIDGEP. G. and CHADBOURNEN. C.: J. Mater. Sci., 1989, 24, 2765.
DUNFORDD. V. and PARTRIDGEP. G.: J. Mater. Sci., 1990, 25, 4957.
39.
MADDRELLE. R., RICKSR. A., and WALLACHE. R.: in Ref. 5, p.45l.
40.
MADDRELLE. R. and WALLACHE. R.: ‘Recent trends in welding science and technology’, 541; 1990, Materials Park, OH, ASM International.
41.
GILMOREC. J., DUNFORDD. V., and PARTRIDGEP. G.: J. Mater. Sci., 1991, 26, 3119.
42.
DUNFORDD. V. and PARTRIDGEP. G.: J. Mater. Sci., 1992, 27, 3389.
43.
URENAA. and DUNKERTONS. B.: Welding Institute Research Report No. 403, The Welding Institute, Abington, Cambridge, 1989.
44.
DUNFORDD. V. and PARTRIDGEP. G.: ‘Superplasticity in aerospace — aluminium’, 257; 1985, Cranfield, Cranfield Institute of Technology, School of Industrial Science.
45.
EDWARDSM. R., KLINKLINE., and STONEHAMV. E.: in Ref. 5, p.431.
46.
RICKSR. A., WINKLERP.-J., STOKLOSSAH., and GRIMESR.: in Ref. 5, p.441.
47.
PARTRIDGEP. G. and DUNFORDV.: J. Mater. Sci.,1991, 26, 2255.
48.
PARTRIDGEP. G., SHEPHERDM., and DUNFORDD. V.: J. Mater. Sci., 1991, 26, 4953.
49.
PARTRIDGEP. G., WISBEYA., and a V. DUNFORD: ‘Superplasticity in advanced materials’, 699; 1991, Osaka, Japan, The Japan Society for Research on Superplasticity.
50.
GITTOSM. F. and THREADGILLP. L.: ‘Metal matrix composites HI, exploiting the investment’, London, 10-11 December 1991, The Institute of Metals, Paper 19.
51.
BAKERT. S. and PARTRIDGEP. G.: ‘Diffusion bonding’, (ed. PearceR.), 73; 1987, Cranfield, Cranfield Institute of Technology, School of Industrial Science.
52.
PARTRIDGEP. G. and DUNFORDD. V.: J. Mater. Sci., 1987, 22, 1597.
53.
DUNFORDD. V. and PARTRIDGEP. G.: Defence Research Agency Aerospace Division Technical Report 91051, DRA, Farnborough, 1991.
