Aspects of high strength cement based materials are described with a view towards establishing relationships between microstructure and properties. The theory of fracture that may be applied to designing high strength materials is discussed. Cement paste, concrete, and fibre reinforced cement based materials are considered in terms of some of the fracture mechanics parameters.
MST/753a
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
RAMACHANDRANV. S., FELDMANR. F., and BEAUDOINJ. J.: ‘Concrete science’; 1981, London, Heyden and Son.
2.
BARNESP. (ed.): ‘Structure and performance of cements’; 1983, London, Applied Science.
3.
NEVILLEA. M.: ‘Properties of concrete’; 1963, New York, John Wiley and Sons.
4.
BEAUDOINJ. J. and FELDMANR. F.: Gem. Concr. Res., 1985, 15, 105.
5.
WITTMANNF. H. (ed): ‘Fracture mechanics of concrete’; 1983, Amsterdam, Elsevier.
6.
SKALNYJ. and LAWRENCEL. R.: Ann. Rev. Mater. Sci., 1987, 17, 35.
7.
SHAHs. P. (ed): ‘High strength concrete’ (Workshop Proc.); 1980, Washington, DC, National Science Foundation.
8.
SHAHS. P. and SWARTZS. E. (eds): ‘Fracture of concrete and rock’ (Conf. Proc.); 1987, Bethel, CT, SEM—RILEM.
9.
EWALDSH. L. and WANHILLR. J.II. ‘Fracture mechanics’; 1984, London, Edward Arnold.
10.
LAWNB. R. and WILSHAWT. R.: ‘Fracture of brittle solids’; 1975, Cambridge University Press.
11.
SAMMISC. G. and ASHBYM. F.: Ada Metall., 1986, 34, 511.
12.
GLÜCKLICHJ.: in Proc. Int. Conf. on ‘The structure of concrete’, (ed. BrooksA. E. and NewmanK., 176; 1965, Wexham Springs, Slough, Cement and Concrete Association.
13.
MINDESSS.: in Ref. 5, p. 1.
14.
DANTUP.: Inst. Tech. Bat. Tray. Publ., 1958, 11, 55.
15.
SWAMYR. N.: in ‘Structure, solid mechanics and engineering design’ (Conf. Proc.), 301; 1971, New York/London, Wiley-Interscience.
16.
EVANSR. H. and MARATHEM. S.: Mater. Constr., 1968, 1, 61.
17.
WANGP. T., SHAHS. P., and NAAMANA. E.: J. Am. Concr. Inst., 1978, 75, 603.
18.
SHAHS. P. and McGARRVF. J.: ASCE J. Eng. Mech. Div., 1971, 97, 1663.
19.
GJORVO. E., SORENSENS. I., and ARNESENA.: Gem. Concr. Res., 1977, 7, 333.
20.
HIGGENSD. D.and.1. E. BAILEY: J. Mater. Sci., 1976, 11, 1995.
21.
HILLEMEIERB. and HILSDORFH. K.: Gem. Concr. Res., 1977, 7, 523.
KENDALLK., HOWARDA. J., and BIRCHALLJ. D.: Philos. Trans. R. Soc., 1983, A310, 139.
24.
KENDALLK. and BIRCHALLJ. D.: ‘Very high strength cement-based materials’ (Symp. Proc.), Vol. 42, 143; 1985, Pittsburgh, PA, Materials Research Society.
25.
PRATTP. L.: Philos. Trans. R. Soc., 1983, A310, 151.
26.
RICER. W., FREIMANS. W., POHANKAR. C., MECHOLSKYJ. J.JR and wuC. C. in ‘Fracture mechanics of ceramics’, (ed. BradtR. C. et al.), Vol. 4, 849; 1974, New York, Plenum Press.
27.
BROWNS. D., BIDDULPHR. B., and WILCOXP. D.: J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 1964, 47, 320.
28.
MAIY. W. and COTTERELLB.: Gem. Caner. Res., 1985, 15, 995.
29.
KNABL. I., CLIFTONJ. R., and INGSJ. B.: Gem. Cotter. Res., 1983, 13, 383.
30.
EDENN. B. and BAILEYJ. E.: J. Mater. Sci., 1984, 19, 150.
31.
EDENN. B. and BAILEYJ. E.: J. Mater. Sci., 1985, 29, 1139.
KNorrJ. F.: ‘Fundamentals of fracture mechanics’, 67-69; 1953, London, Butterworths.
35.
SWANSONP. L., FAIRBANKSC. J., LAWNB. R., MAIY., and HOCKEYB. J.: J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 1987, 70, 279.
36.
FULLERE. R. and SWANSONP. L.: in ‘Microstructure development during the hydration of cement’ (Symp. Proc.); 1986, Pittsburgh, PA, Materials Research Society.
37.
ALEXANDERK. M.: Nature, 1959, 183, 885.
38.
BEAUDOINJ. J.: Gem. Goner. Res., 1985, 15, 988.
39.
BEAUDOINJ. J.: II Cemento, 1985, 82, 195.
40.
TAITR. B.: PhD thesis, University of Cape Town, 1984.
41.
JENGY. and SHAHS. P.: J. Eng. Mech., 1985, 21, 1055.
42.
JENGY. and SHAHS. P.: J. Eng. Mech., 1985, 111, 1227.
43.
WECHARATANAM. and SHAHs. P.: in ‘Fracture in concrete’ (Conf. Proc.), (ed. ChenW. F. and TingE. C.), 82; 1980, New York, American Society of Civil Engineers.
44.
WECHARATANAM. and SHAHS. P.: Gem. Concr. Res., 1980, 10, 833.
45.
SHAHS. P.: in ‘Cement production and use’ (Conf. Proc.), 187; 1979, New York, Engineering Foundation.
46.
LIV. C., CHANC., and LEUNGC. K. Y.: Gem. Caner. Res., 1987, 17, 441.
NADEAUJ. S., MINDESSS., and HAYJ. M.: J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 1974, 57, 51.
49.
BALDIEK. D. and PRATTP. L.: in ‘Cement-based composite: strain rate effects on fracture’ (Symp. Proc.), Vol. 64, 47; 1986, Pittsburgh, PA, Materials Research Society.
50.
HANSENT. C.: ‘Causes, mechanisms and control of cracking in concrete’, American Concrete Institute SP-20, Detroit, MI, 1968, p. 43.
51.
EVANSA. G., CLIFTONJ. R., and ANDERSONE.: Gem. Concr. Res., 1976, 6, 535.
52.
SHAHS. P. and JoinvR.: in ‘Cement-based composites: strain rate effects on fracture’ (Symp. Proc.), Vol. 64, 21; 1986, Pittsburgh, PA, Materials Research Society.
53.
DWIVEDIV. S. and PamP. L.: in ‘Advances in fracture research’ (Proc. Int. Conf.), Vol. 4, 2809; 1984, Oxford, Pergamon Press.
54.
DINGSOYRE., MOSBERGT., and YOUNGJ. F.: in ‘Very high strength cement-based materials’ (Symp. Proc.), Vol. 42, 211; 1985, Pittsburgh, PA, Materials Research Society.
55.
HANSONT. C.: in ‘Structure of concrete and its behaviour under load’ (Conf. Proc.), 16; 1968, Wexham Springs, Slough, Cement and Concrete Association.
56.
STRANGEP. C. and BRYANTA. H.: J. Eng. Mech., 1979, 105, 337.
57.
KNABL. I., WALKERH. N., CLIFTONJ. R., and FULLERE. R.: Cern. Concr. Res., 1984, 14, 339.
58.
MINDESSS. and DIAMONDS.: Cem. Concr. Res., 1980, 10, 509.
59.
MINDESSS. and DIAMONDs.: Mater. Constr., 1982, 15, 107.
60.
WITTMANNF. H.: in Ref. 5, p. 43.
61.
PETERSSONP. E.: Cem. Concr. Res., 1980, 10, 91.
62.
LonJ.. and E. E. KESLER: ‘Symp. on structure of Portland cement paste and concrete’, Special Report 90, Highway Research Board, Washington DC, 1966, p. 204.
63.
AITCENP., BEDARDC., PLUMATM., and HADDADG.: ‘Very high strength cement-based materials’ (Symp. Proc.), Vol. 42, 201; 1985, Pittsburgh, PA, Materials Research Society.
64.
AITCENP. C., LAPLANTEP., and BEDARDC.: Report presented at American Concrete Institute Fall meeting, Chicago, IL, 1985.
65.
BAZANTZ. P.: in ‘High strength concrete’ (Workshop Proc.), (ed. ShahS. P.), 79; 1980, Chicago, IL, National Science Foundation.
66.
BAZANTZ. P. and CEDOLINL.: in ‘Advances in fracture research’, Vol. 4, 1523; 1981, Oxford, Pergamon Press.
67.
BENTURA., BEN-BASSATM., and SCHNEIDERD.: J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 1985, 68, 203.
