Discs have always been the life- and reliability-limiting components of the gas turbine engine. Progress in disc materials development has been enhanced through the interaction of superalloy materials and metallurgical process development. Disc service environment, property requirements, and physical metallurgy are reviewed. Historically, the introduction of stronger, more heat- and fatigue-resistant alloys has depended upon process developments such as vacuum induction melting, inert gas atomization, and thermomechanical processing. Current developments and future directions are reviewed, including new melting practices for the manufacture of clean metals, the forging of fatigue resistant microstructures and dual property discs.
MST/519
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
MEETHAMG. W.: in ‘High temperature alloys for gas turbines’, (ed. CoutsouradisD.et al.), 838; 1978, London, Applied Science Publishers.
2.
WEAVERM. J.: Powder Metall., 1984, 27, (3), 137.
3.
BOESCHW. J.: Address to Central New York Patent Lawyers Association, May 1986.
4.
MEETHAMG. W.: Metall. Mater. Technol., Nov. 1976, 8, 591.
5.
WILKENSONN. A.: Met. Technol.,1977, 4, (7), 347.
6.
SINGERR. A.: Powder Metall. Int.,1985, 17, (6), 285.
7.
SULLIVANC. P. and DONACHIEM. J., Jr: Met. Eng. Q.,1971, 10, (4), 1.
8.
DeRIDDERA. J.: in Prof. Conf. ‘MICON 78: Optimization of processing properties and service performance through structural control’, Philadelphia, Pa, 1978, American Society for Testing and Materials, 552.
9.
DECKERR. F.: in ‘Strengthening mechanisms in Ni-base superalloys’; 1969, Zurich, Climax Molybdenum Company.
10.
DARMARAF. N., HUNTINGTONJ. S., and MACHLINE. S.: J. Iron Steel Inst., 1959, 191, (3); 266.
11.
SCHLATTERR.: in Prof. Conf. on ‘Superalloys — processing’, Seven Springs, Pa, Sept. 1972, High Temperature Alloys Committee of AIME, Al.
12.
H W..surroN and s. o. MANCUSO: in Prof. Conf. on ‘Electron beam melting and refining — state of the art 1985’, Reno, Nev., 1985, Bakish Materials Corporation, 146.
13.
MEETHAMG. W.: in ‘High temperature alloys for gas turbines’, (ed. CoutsouradisD.et al.), 850; 1978, London, Applied Science Publishers.
14.
SHAMBLENC. E., CHANGD. R. and CORRADOJ. A.: in Prof. Conf. on ‘Superalloys — processing’, Champion, Pa, 1984, HTAC-AIME, 509.
15.
SMITHH. R., Jr: in ‘Introduction to electron beam technology’, (ed. BakishR., 169; 1962, New York, Wiley.
16.
o.K. and SCZERZENIEF. E.: in Proc. Conf. on ‘Vacuum metallurgy’, Pittsburgh, Pa, June 1986, Vacuum Metallurgy Division of American Vacuum Society.
17.
IRVINGR. R.: Iron Age, 1985, 228, 38.
18.
BOESCHW. J., MAURERG. E., and ADASCZIKC. B.: in Proc. Conf. on ‘High temperature alloys for gas turbines 1982’, (ed. BrunetandR. et al.); 1982, Dordrecht, Reidel.
19.
COYNEJ. E.: in Proc. Conf. on ‘Forging and properties of aerospace materials’, London, Jan. 1977, The Metals Society, 234.
20.
TURNERF.: ‘Development of gas turbine materials’, (ed. MeethamG. W.), 191; 1978, London, Applied Science Publishers.
21.
MEETHAMG. W.: Metall. Mater. Technol., Nov. 1976, 193.
22.
POSTANSP. J.: in Proc. Conf. on ‘Forging and properties of aerospace materials’, London, Jan. 1977, The Metals Society, 300.
23.
MEETHAMG. W.: in ‘High temperature alloys for gas turbines’, (ed. CoutsouradisD.et al.), 848; 1978, London, Applied Science Publishers.
24.
LARSONJ. M.: in ‘Modern developments in powder metallurgy, ferrous P/M and special materials’, Vol. VIII, (ed. HausnerH. H. and SmithW. E.), 537-566; 1974, Princeton, American Powder Metallurgy Institute.
25.
ALLENM. M.: Met. Eng. Q.,1969, 9, (1), 20.
26.
ALLENM. M.: Met. Eng. Q.,1969, 9, (1), 29.
27.
REICHMANS. H., CASTLEDINEW. B., and SMYTHEJ. W.: ‘Superalloy P/M components for elevated temperature applications’, Report 700140, Society of Automotive Engineers, Detroit, Michigan, 1970.
28.
PatentUS3,519,503, 7 July 1970.
29.
GESSINGERG. H.: ‘Powder metallurgy of superalloys’, 328; 1984, London, Butterworths.
30.
BLACKBURNM. J. and SPRAGUER. A.: Met. Technol.,1977, 4, (8), 388.
31.
BLACKBURNM. J. and SPRAGUER. A.: Met. Technol.,1977, 4, (8), 393.
32.
SHAMBLENC. E. and CHANGD. R.: Metall. Trans.,1985, 16B, (4), 775–784.
33.
GAYDAJ. and MINERR. V.: Metall. Trans.,1983, 14A, (11), 2301.
34.
BROWNC. W.: Met. Sci.,1984, 18, (7), 374.
35.
LAWLESSB.: ‘Fracture: interactions of microstructure mechanisms and mechanics’, 285; 1984, Warrendale, Pa, The Metallurgical Society of AIME.
36.
CHANGK. M.: ‘Improving crack growth resistance of IN-718 alloy through thermomechanical processing’, Report 85CRD187, General Electric Company, Schenectady, N.Y., 1985.
37.
HOWLANDC., HICKSM. A., and JEALR. H.: in Proc. Conf. on ‘Small fatigue cracks’, Second Engineering Foundation International Conference/Workshop, Santa Barbara, CA (ed. RitchieR. and LankfordJ.); 1986, Warrendale, Pa, The Metallurgical Society of AIME.
38.
JEALR.: Met. Mater.,1985, 1, (9), 530.
39.
LAWLESSB., ANTOLOVICHS. D., BATHIASC., and BOURSIERB.: in Proc. Conf. ‘Fracture: Interactions of microstructure mechanisms and mechanics’, 285-301; 1984, Warrendale, Pa, The Metallurgical Society of AIME.
40.
BROWNC. W.: Int. J. Fatigue, Apr. 1982, 4, 73.
41.
GESSINGERG. H.: ‘Powder metallurgy of superalloys’, 320-323; 1984, London, Butterworths.
42.
BOUSEG. K. and MIHALISINJ. R.: in ‘Superalloys composites and ceramics’, (ed. TienJ. K. and CaulfieldT., Chap. 7;1987, New York, Academic Press.
43.
DEYED. J. and COUTSw. H.: in ‘Micon ‘78: Optimization of processing properties and service performance through microstructural control’, STP 672, (ed. H. Abrams et al.), 605; 1979, Philadelphia, Pa, American Society for Testing and Materials.
