The industrial alloys AA 3003 and AA 3004 have been experimentally rolled using a wide range of temperatures and reductions. The substructures obtained were extensively examined, and it is shown that when the rolling reductions are low the relationship between processing parameters and subgrain size (d) follows the well established form d−m=a+bln Z, where Z is the Zener–Hollomon parameter. As the reduction is increased the orientations of the subgrains to the rolling direction decreases, and the subgrain size also decreases. It is concluded that the existing relationships require modification if they are to be useful in the industrial context.
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