Abstract
Léon Foucault (1819–68) is best remembered for his 1851 pendulum demonstration of the Earth's rotation, but he made many notable contributions to nineteenth century science, including the gyroscope, measurements of the speed of light and development of the astronomical telescope in essentially its modern form. Foucault pendulums swing in science museums around the world: one of novel design has recently been installed in The Science Museum in London.
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