LederbergJ., ‘Does scientific progress come from projects or people?’ speech before theNational Association of State Universities and Land Grant Colleges, Washington, dc (9 November1987).
2.
See, for example, HullD. L., Science as a Process: An Evolutionary Account of the Social and Conceptual Development of Science, University of Chicago Press, London (1988).
3.
EveredD., PorterR. and NugentJ., ‘International scientific meetings: relation between structure and function, ‘British Medical Journal, 291, 1028–1031 (1985). This paper reported on questionnaires of Ciba symposia participants and citations of symposia papers, finding (not surprisingly) that ‘small carefully organised multidisciplinary meetings can make a positive contribution to scientific research and they are of value to the participants and the scientific community at large.
4.
For a list of publications, contact the Santa Fe Institute, 1120 Canyon Road, Santa Fe, New Mexico, 87501, usa. The first volume isPinesD. C.(Ed.), Emerging Syntheses in Science: Proceedingsof the Founding Workshops ofithe Santa Fe Institute, Vol. 1, Addison-Wesley, New York (1988).
5.
S. 1067, the National High-Performance Computer Technology Act of1989.
6.
de B. BeaverD. and RosenR., ‘Studies in scientific collaboration Part III: Professionalization and the natural history of modern scientific co-authorship,’: Scientometrics1(3) :231–245,1979; Robert Kraut et al., ‘Relationships and tasks in scientific research collaboration,’ Proceedings of the Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work, Association of Computing Machinery (1986); K. Carley and K. Wendt, ‘Electronic Mail and the Diffusion of Scientific Information,’ Department of Social and Decision Sciences, Carnegie-Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 6 July 1988.
