Modern bulk steelmaking sets exacting require,ments for both process and quality control The capital intensity of steelmaking plant dictates that melting-shop operation be maintained at a high level at all times, while keeping the rate of rejected material to a minimum. The stee1maker is assisted nowadays by sensors develaped to monitor the refining pracess and assess rapidly the quality of a completed heat. This review is concerned with the design, operation, and applicatian of these sensors.
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