A significant number of patients exhibit white spots of enamel decalcification after orthodontic treatment, despite the use of preventive regimes. The hydrochloric acid-pumice micro-abrasion technique offers a method for improving the appearance of these lesions where they are cosmetically unacceptable. The clinical procedure is described and the effects of the technique upon the dental structures are discussed.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
ÅrtunJ. and BrobakkenB. O. (1986) Prevalence of carious white spots after orthodontic treatment with multibonded appliances, European Journal of Orthodontics, 8, 229–234.
2.
ÅrtunJ. and ThylstrupA. (1986) Clinical and scanning electron microscopic study of surface changes of incipient caries lesions after debonding, Scandinavian Journal of Dental Research, 94, 193–201.
3.
BergJ. H. and DonlyK. J. (1991) The enamel surface and enamel microabrasion, in: CrollT. P. (ed.) Enamel Microabrasion, Quintessence Publishing Co., Chicago.
4.
Chen Ji-HuaWu Xu Jun, ChangXi Shi and Gu FaYou (1989) Scanning electron micrographic analysis of the effect of bleaching solutions on fluorosed enamel, Quintessence International, 20, 825–829.
5.
CrollT. P. (1986) Enamel color improvements: all things considered, Quintessence International, 17, 271–275.
6.
CrollT. P. (1987a) Bonded resin sealant for smooth surface enamel defects: new concepts for ‘micro-restorative’ dentistry, Quintessence International, 18, 5–10.
7.
CrollT. P. (1987b) A case of enamel color modification: 60 year results, Quintessence International, 18, 493–495.
8.
CrollT. P. (1989a) Enamel microabrasion for removal of superficial discoloration, Journal of Esthetic Dentistry, 1, 14–20.
9.
CrollT. P. (1989b) Enamel microabrasion: the technique, Quintessence International, 20, 395–400.
10.
CrollT. P. (1990) Enamel microabrasion for removal of superficial dysmineralisation and decalcification defects, Journal of the American Dental Association, 120, 411–415.
11.
CrollT. P. (1992) Enamel microabrasion followed by dental bleaching: case reports, Quintessence International, 23, 317–321.
12.
CrollT. P. and CavanaughR. R. (1986a) Enamel color modification by controlled hydrochloric acid pumice abrasion. I. Technique and examples, Quintessence International, 17, 81–87.
13.
CrollT. P. and CavanaughR. R. (1986b) Enamel color modification by controlled hydrochloric acid-pumice abrasion. II. Further examples, Quintessence International, 17, 157–164.
14.
CrollT. P. and CavanaughR. R. (1986c) Hydrochloric acid-pumice enamel surface abrasion for color modification: results after six months, Quintessence International, 17, 335–341.
15.
DonlyK. J., O'NeillM. and CrollT. P. (1992) Enamel microabrasion: a microscopic evaluation of the ‘abrasion effect’, Quintessence International, 23, 175–179.
16.
FeatherstoneJ.D.B., RodgersB.E. and SmithM. W. (1981) Physiochemical requirements for rapid remineralization of early carious lesions, Caries Research, 15, 221–235.
17.
GeigerA.M., GorelickL., GwinnettA. J. and BensonB. J. (1992) Reducing white spot lesions in orthodontic populations with fluoride rinsing, American Journal of Orthodontics, 101, 403–407.
18.
GorelickL., GeigerA. M. and GwinnettA. J. (1982) Incidence of white spot formation after bonding and banding, American Journal of Orthodontics, 81, 93–98.
19.
Jacobsson-HuntU. and HarrisonM. R. (1989) The effect of hydrochloric acid pumice abrasion on fluorosed teeth (abstract), Journal of Dental Research, 68, 982.
20.
JosephV.P., RossouwP. E. and BassonN.J. (1992) Do sealants seal? An SEM investigation, Journal of Clinical Orthodontics, 26, 141–144.
21.
KapilaS. and CurrierF. (1988) Hydrochloric acid-pumice treatment for post-orthodontic localized decalcification, American Dental Journal, 1, 15–19.
22.
KendellR. L. (1990) Hydrochloric acid removal of brown fluorosis stains: clinical and scanning electron micrographic observations, Quintessence International, 20, 837–839.
23.
KilpatrickN. M. and WelburyR. R. (1993) A four year follow up of the hydrochloric acid-pumice microabrasion technique for the removal of enamel pigmentation, Dental Update, 20, 105–107.
24.
O'ReillyM. M. and FeatherstoneJ. D. B. (1987) Demineralization and remineralization around orthodontic appliances: an in vivo study, American Journal of Orthodontics, 92, 33–40.
25.
ØgaardB. (1989) Prevalence of white spot lesions in 19 year olds: a study on untreated and orthodontically treated persons 5 years after treatment, American Journal of Orthodontics, 96, 423–427.
26.
ØgaardB., RollaG. and ArendsJ. (1988a) Orthodontic appliances and enamel demineralization. Part 1: Lesion development, American Journal of Orthodontics, 94, 68–73.
27.
ØgaardB., RollaG., ArendsJ. and Ten CateJ. M. (1988b) Orthodontic appliances and enamel demineralization. Part 2: Prevention and treatment of lesions, American Journal of Orthodontics, 94, 68–73.
28.
OlinP.S., LehnerC. R. and HiltonJ. A. (1988) Enamel surface modification in vitro using hydrochloric acid pumice: an SEM investigation, Quintessence International, 19, 733–736.
29.
SaloumF. S. and SondhiA. (1987) Preventing enamel decalcification after orthodontic treatment, Journal of the American Dental Association, 115, 257–261.
30.
SilverstoneL. M., SaxtonL. A. and DogonI. L. (1975) Variation in the pattern of acid etching of human dental enamel examined by SEM. Caries Research, 9, 373–387.
31.
WelburyR. R. and ShawL. (1990) A simple technique for removal of mottling, opacities and pigmentation from enamel, Dental Update, 17, 161–163.
32.
ZachrissonB. U. (1978) Iatrogenic damage related to orthodontic treatment, Journal of Clinical Orthodontics, 12, 102–113.