Modelling and durability assessment for rubber components in rail vehicles

Abstract

This paper describes the modelling and durability assessment of an elastomeric component used in rail vehicles. Components and structures are modelled using finite element analysis and the fracture mechanics parameters are obtained and used to calculate fatigue life. For the fracture mechanics approach, the damage model is represented by the relationship between the rate of crack growth and the strain energy release rate or tearing energy. Suitable materials tests are required to define the damage model and these will be described together with typical test results. The methodology will be illustrated using the example of a spherical bearing that is a critical component in a rail coupling joint and is subjected to a complex set of fatigue loadings. The analysis methodology enabled the various parts of the fatigue loading to be assessed and the most damaging contributions and mode of failure to be identified. The approach also enabled a redesign of the component to be performed and validated and a significant increase in operating life was demonstrated.