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Abstract

The in-plane permeability at various fibre volume fractions and the compressibility were determined experimentally for heterogeneous multi-layer preforms and the individual material components, a unidirectional (UD) carbon fibre fabric and a 5-harness satin weave carbon fibre fabric. The compressibility of the UD fabric does not depend on the number of layers. It is lower than for the woven fabric and mainly determines the compressibility of the multi-layer preform. For both the UD fabric and the satin weave fabric, the permeability was approximated by Kozeny–Carman type relations with different constants for both principal material directions. The principal permeability values of the multi-layer preform, predicted by thickness-weighted averaging of the component permeabilities, tend to overestimate the measured values. The observed maximum in K ₁/K ₂ as a function of the fibre volume fraction is caused by changes in the preform void structure with increasing compression. The predicted ratio shows an increasingly steep decay with increasing fibre volume fraction, implying that the preform properties become less anisotropic. While K ₁ of the multi-layer preform is determined mainly by the permeability of the UD layers, the influence of the permeability of the woven layers increases with increasing compression. For K ₂, the influence of the woven fabric is dominant at fibre volume fractions higher than 0⋅77.

Keywords

CARBON FIBRE FABRIC MULTI-LAYER PREFORM LIQUID COMPOSITE MOULDING COMPRESSIBILITY PERMEABILITY

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Effect of differential compression on in-plane permeability tensor of heterogeneous multilayer carbon fibre preforms

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