Abstract
Blends of natural rubber (NR) and hydrogenated nitrile rubber (HNBR) have been evaluated with emphasis on dichlorocarbene modified natural rubber (DCNR), a chemically modified form of natural rubber as an interface modifier. The blend characterisation studies by IR spectroscopy, DSC and SEM techniques revealed the interaction of DCNR with the blend constituents. The modified blend exhibited overall improved mechanical properties. The improvement in aging resistance of the blends showed that the degradation resistance of NR could be significantly improved with respect to heat, oil and ozone by blending with HNBR and modifying with 7 parts of DCNR containing 15% chlorine.
Keywords
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
Dutta
S.
, in Polymer blends Vol. 2 .
Paul
D. R.
and
Bucknall
C. B.
Wiley Interscience , New York , 2000 , p. 477 –515 .
2.
Hess
W. H.
,
Herd
C. R.
and
Vegvari
P. C.
Rubber Chem. Technol.
, 1993 , 66 , 329 .
3.
Roland
C. M.
:
Rubber Chem. Technol.
, 1989 , 62 , 456 .
4.
Koning
C.
,
Duin
M. V.
,
Pagnoulle
C.
and
Jerome
R.
Frog. Polym. Sci.
, 1998 , 23 , 707 .
5.
Mangaraj
D.
:
Rubber Chem. Technol.
, 2002 , 75 , 365 .
6.
Kishine
T.
and
Nagauchi
T.
Rubber World
, 1999 , 219 (6 ), 24 .
7.
Croft
T. C.
:
Rubber World
, 1999 , 220 (2 ), 43 .
8.
Ossefort
Z. T.
and
Bergstorm
E. W.
Rubber Age (N.Y )1970 , 101 (9 ), 43 .
9.
Leibu
H. J.
,
Caywood
S. W.
and
Knabeschuh
L. H.
Rubber World
, 1971 , 165 (3 ), 52 .
10.
Tinker
A. J.
and
Jones
Kevin P.
London , Chapman & Hall .
11.
Krishnamoorthy
R.
:
Rubber Chem. Technol.
, 1999 , 72 , 580 .
12.
Abdul Kader
M.
and
Bhowmick
A.
Rubber Chem. Technol
, 2000 , 73 , 889 .
13.
Verenkamp
E. J.
and
Challa
G.
Polymer
, 1988 , 29 , 86 .
14.
Jha
A.
and
Bhowmick
A. K.
Rubber Chem. Technol.
, 1997 , 70 , 798 .
15.
Shershnev
V.A.
:
Rubber Chem. Tech.
, 1982 , 55 , 537 .
16.
Nagdi
K.
: ‘Rubber as an Engineering Material’ : 1993 , New York , Hanser Publishers .
17.
Hofman
W.
: ‘Rubber Technology Hand Book’ : 1989 , New York , Hanser Publishers .
18.
Hashimoto
K.
and
Todani
Y.
‘Hand Book of Elastomers’ , ch. 24 , 1988 ,
Bhowmick
A. K.
and
Stephens
H. L
Eds. , New York , Marcel Dekker .
19.
Meisenheimer
H.
:
Kautsch Gummi Kunstst.
, 1993 , 46 (3 ), 230 .
20.
Klingender
R. C.
and
Bradford
W. G.
Elastomerics
, 1991 , 123 (8 ), 10 .
21.
Elizabeth
K. I.
and
Alex
R.
Kautsch Gummi Kunstst.
, 2005 , Dec., 656 .
22.
Callen
J. E.
,
Hess
W. H.
and
Scott
C. E.
Rubber Chem. Technol.
, 1971 , 44 , 814 .
23.
Lohse
D. J.
,
Garner
R. T.
,
Graessley
W.
and
Krishnamoorthi
R.
Rubber Chem. Technol.
, 1999 , 72 , 580 .
24.
Kuleznev
V. N.
: ‘Polymer mixtures’ , 1980 , Moscow Khimiya , 304 .
25.
Arjunan
P.
,
Kuszinir
R. B.
and
Dekmezian
A. H.
Rubber World
, 1997 , 215 (5 ), 21 .
26.
Rankin
G. M.
:
Rubber World
, 1998 , 219 (1 ), 52 .
27.
Ramesan
M. T.
,
Kuriakose
B.
,
Pradeep
P.
,
Alex
R.
and
Varghese
S.
Int. Polym. Proc
., 2001 , XVII, 2, 183.
28.
Elizabeth
K. I.
,
Alex
R.
,
Kuriakose
B.
and
Peethambaran
N. R.
Nat. Rubber Res.
, 2005 , 18 (2 ), 9 .
29.
Ellis
B.
and
Welding
G. N.
Rubber Chem. Technol
, 1964 , 37 , 571 .
30.
Tinker
A. J.
:
Rubber Chem. Technol
, 1990 , 63 , 503 .
31.
Elizabeth
K. I.
,
Alex
R.
and
Kuriakose
B.
Frog. Rubber Plast. Recycl. Technol.
, 2006 , 22 , 127 .
32.
Sircar
A. K.
,
Galaska
M. L
,
Rodrigues
S.
and
Chartoff
R. P.
Rubber Chem. Technol
, 1999 , 72 , 513 .
33.
Elizabeth
K. I.
,
Alex
R.
,
Kuriakose
B.
,
Varghese
S.
and
Peethambaran
N. R.
J. Appl. Polym. Sci.
, 2006 , 101 (6 ), 4401 .
34.
Zapp
R. L
:
Rubber Chem. Technol.
, 1973 , 46 , 251 .
35.
Guo
S. X.
and
Guerin
F.
Indian Rubber J.
, 2005 , 89 , 56 .