The poisoning of grain refinement in aluminium alloys owing to the presence of silicon is investigated using CALPHAD based thermodynamic modelling software. The existence of primary phases other than α-aluminium, namely TiSi2 and TiSi, which are stable at typical melt holding temperatures, is consistent with microstructural observations of other researchers. The compositional and temperature range of these phases are calculated. The software is also used to determine the effect of silicon and titanium additions on the growth rates of α-aluminium grains via the growth restriction parameter Q. These results are used to explain poisoning in silicon containing foundry alloys via a thorough review and discussion of the relevant literature.
EastonM. A. and St JohnD. H.: Acta Mater., 2001, 49, 1867–1878.
26.
GreerA. L., BunnA. M., TroncheA., EvansP. V. and BristowD. J.: Acta Mater., 2000, 48, 2823–2835.
27.
MoriceauJ.: Rev. Aluminium, 1972, 12, 977–988.
28.
QuestedT. E., DinsdaleA. T. and GreerA. L.: Acta Mater., 2005, 53, 1323–1334.
29.
EastonM. A. and St JohnD. J.: Metall. Mater. Trans. A, 1999, 30A, 1625–1633.
30.
HunzikerO.: Acta Mater., 2001, 49, 4191–4203.
31.
SigworthG. K. and GuzowskiM. M.: AFS Trans., 1985, 93, 907–912.
32.
McKayB. J.: ‘Heterogeneous nucleation in Al-Si alloys’, PhD thesis, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK, 2001.
33.
SchumacherP. and McKayB. J.: J. Non-Cryst. Solids, 2003, 317, 123–128.
34.
CooperP. S., HardmanA., BootD. and BurhopE.: in ‘Light metals 2003’, (ed.CrepeauP.), 923-928; 2003, Warrendale, PA, TMS.
35.
LeeY. C., DahleA. K., St JohnD. H. and HuttJ. E. C.: Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 1999, 259A, 43–52.
36.
KoriS. A., MurtyB. S. and ChakrabortyM.: Mater. Sci. Technol., 1999, 15, 986–992.
37.
KhalifaW., SamuelF. H. and GruzleskiJ. E.: Metall. Mater. Trans. A, 2004, 35A, 3233–3250.
38.
QuestedT. E. and GreerA. L.: ActaMater, 2005, 53, 2663-269
2.
39.
SigworthG. K.: Script. Mater., 1996, 34, 919–922.
40.
DesnainP., FautrelleY., MeyerJ. L., RiquetJ. P. and DurandF.: Acta Metall Mater., 1990, 38, 1513–1523.
41.
EastonM. A. and St JohnD. H.: in ‘Light metals 2001’, (ed.AnjierJ. L.), 927-933; 2001, Warrendale, PA, TMS.
42.
EastonM. A. and St JohnD. H.: Mater. Sci. Technol., 2000, 16, 993–1000.
43.
SigworthG. K.: Metall Trans. A, 1984, 15A, 277–282.
44.
BunnA. M., SchumacherP., KearnsM. A., BoothroydC. B. and GreerA. L.: Mater. Sci. Technol., 1999, 15, 1115–1123.
45.
SpittleJ. A., KeebleJ. M. and Al MeshhedaniM.: in ‘Solidification processing 1997’, (ed.BeechJ. and JonesH.), 496-499; 1997, Sheffield, University of Sheffield, Sheffield.
46.
QuestedT. E. and GreerA. L.: Acta Mater., 2004, 52, 3859–3868.
47.
SchafferP. L., DahleA. K. and ZindelJ. W.: in ‘Light metals 2004’, 821-831; 2004, Warrendale, PA, TMS.
48.
HatchJ. E. (ed.): ‘Aluminum - properties and physical metallurgy’: 1984, Metals Park, OH, ASM.
49.
PolmearI. J.: ‘Light alloys’, 2nd edn; 1989, London, Edward Arnold.
HuttJ. E. C., St JohnD. H., HoganL. and DahleA. K.: Mater. Set Technol., 1999, 15, 495–500.
52.
KearnsM. A. and CooperP. S.: Mater. Sci. Technol., 1997, 13, 650–654.
53.
SigworthG. K.: in ‘Light metals 2001’, (ed.SahooM.), 349-357; 2001, Métaux Legers, Montreal, Quebec, Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum.
54.
PetzowG. and EffenbergG. (eds.): ‘Ternary alloys’: 1989, Hoboken, NJ, Wiley.
55.
PanseriC. and GuastallaB.: Alluminio, 1941, 10, 207–227.
