Sage Journals: Discover world-class research

Abstract

The short time oxidation behaviour of Super304H was studied at 700°C for different periods. The structure and composition of the oxide layers were investigated using line scanning of scanning electron microscopy equipped with energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). In the sample oxidised for 4 h, a double layer scale consisting of outer magnetite layer and inner chromium rich iron oxide was observed from the cross-section. The EDS results from oxide layer surfaces of other three samples showed that no obvious outer layer can be observed after 3 h oxidation. The oxide phases have been identified by X-ray diffraction and Raman spectrum. Atomic force microscopy was used to reveal the mechanism of early oxidation stage of Super304H on samples oxidised for 1·5, 2 and 3 h, respectively. The roughness of the layer surface increased with increasing oxidation time in the early stage, which is in accordance with the proposed model and indicates that the columnar nickel oxide in the specimen is connected to the formation of chromium oxide.

Keywords

Super304H Steam oxidation Oxide layer Atomic force microscopy Oxidation mechanism

Get full access to this article

View all access options for this article.

References

Gao

Zhang

Xiong

Zheng

and Zhu

: ‘Intergranular corrosion susceptibility of a novel Super304H stainless steel’ Eng. Failure Anal. 2012 24 26–32.

Chen

Zhang

Liu

Wang

Hua

Bai

Zhang

and Tang

: ‘Microstructures and mechanical properties of T92/Super304H dissimilar steel weld joints after high-temperature ageing’ Mater. Des. 2013 44 469–475.

Viswanathan

Sarver

and Tanzosh

: ‘Boiler materials for ultra-supertical coal power plants-steamside oxidation’ J. Mater. Eng. Perform. 2006 15 255–274.

Ennis

and Quadakkers

: ‘Implications of steam oxidation for the service life of high-strength martensitic steel components in high-temperature plant’ Int. J. Pres. Ves. Pip. 2007 84 82–87.

Hansson

Pantleon

Grumsen

and J Somers

: ‘Microstructure evolution during steam oxidation of a Nb stabilized austenitic stainless steel’ Oxid. Met. 2010 73 289–309.

Meier

Zurek

and Young

: ‘Protective and non-protective scale formation of NiCr alloys in water vapour containing high and low-pO₂ gases’ Corros. Sci. 2008 50, 1753-1760.

Essuman

Meier

Zurek

Hansel

Singheiser

and Quadakkers

: ‘Enhanced internal oxidation as trigger for breakaway oxidation of Fe–Cr alloys in gases containing water vapor’ Scr. Mater. 2007 57 845–848.

Otsuka

Shida

and Fujikawa

: ‘Internal–external transition for the oxidation of Fe–Cr–Ni austenitic stainless steels in steam’ Oxid. Met. 1989 32 13–45.

Jianmin

Montgomery

Larsen

and Jensen

: ‘Investigation on steam oxidation behaviour of TP347H FG. Part 1: exposure at 256 bar’ Mater. Corros. 2005 56 459–467.

10.

Hansson

Danielsen

Grumsen

and Montgomery

: ‘Microstructural investigation of the oxide formed on TP347HFG during long-term steam oxidation’ Mater. Corros. 2010 61 665–675.

11.

Ericsson

: ‘A study of the Cr-depleted surface layers formed on four Cr–Ni steels during oxidation in steam at 600°C and 800°C’ Oxid. Met. 1970 2 173–205.

12.

Ericsson

: ‘Stratified oxide scale growth on two Cr–Ni steels oxidized in high-pressure steam at 800°C’ Oxid. Met. 1970 2 401–417.

13.

Kofstad

: ‘High temperature corrosion’ 1st edn; 1988

London/New York

Elsevier.

14.

Stott

Wood

and Stringer

: ‘The influence of alloying elements on the development and maintenance of protective scales’ Oxid. Met. 1995 44 113–158.

15.

Peng

and Wang

: ‘Application of AFM in a study of the selective oxidation behavior of materials during the early oxidation stage’ Scr. Mater. 2009 60 699–702.

16.

Essuman

Meier

Zurek

Hasel

Singheiser

Norby

and Quadakkers

: ‘Effect of oxygen partial pressure on the oxidation behaviour of an yttria dispersion strengthened NiCr-base alloy’ J. Mater. Sci. 2008 43, 5591-5598.

17.

Szot

and Wasilkowska

: ‘Microscopy (AFM, TEM, SEM) studies of oxide scale formation on FeCrAl based ODS alloys’ Solid State Ionics 1999 117 13–20.

18.

Laverde

Gómez-Acebo

and Castro

: ‘Continuous and cyclic oxidation of T91 ferritic steel under steam’ Corros. Sci. 2004 46 613–631.

19.

: ‘High-temperature corrosion of metals’ 1st edn; 2001

Beijing

Metallurgy Industry.

20.

Zurek

Young

J.D

and Essuman

: ‘Growth and adherence of chromia based surface scales on Ni-base alloys in high-and low-pO₂ gases’ Mater. Sci. Eng. A 2008 A477 259–270.

21.

Thibeau

Brown

and Heidersbach

: ‘Raman spectra of possible corrosion products of iron’ Appl. Spectrosc. 1978 32 532–535.

22.

Y.-S

Wang

and He

: ‘Surface-enhanced Raman spectroelectrochemical studies of corrosion films on implant CoCrMo alloy in biosimulating solutions’ J. Raman Spectrosc. 1999 30 97–103.

23.

Gardiner

John Littleton

and Mark Thomas

: ‘Distribution and characterization of high temperature air corrosion products on iron–chromium alloys by Raman microscopy’ Oxid. Met. 1987 27 57–72.

24.

PER KOFSTAD: ‘High temperature corrosion’ 1st edn; 1988

London/New York

Elsevier.

25.

Otsuka

and Fujikawa

: Corrosion 1991 47 240–248.

26.

Asteman

Svensson

J.-E

and Johansson

L.-G

: ‘Oxidation of 310 steel in H₂O/O₂ mixtures at 600°C: the effect of water-vapour-enhancedchromium evaporation’ Corros. Sci. 2002 44, 2635-2649.

Investigation on short term water vapour oxidation of Super304H

Abstract

Keywords

Get full access to this article

References