Effect of pouring conditions on heat flux and mass transfer in liquid core during continuous casting of steel

Abstract

The results from a series of commercial trials show that a short (450 mm) mould used in conjunction with submerged pouring through a twin-jet rotating nozzle (20 rev min⁻¹) has advantages over conventional methods. High heat fluxes are obtained, and a low heat-flux gradient is established unilormly throughout the mould length, accompanied by efficient mass transfer and reduced turbulence. The use of ³²p* radioactive tracer demonstrates an adequate and continuous build-up of the ingot shell and solidification front.