Sage Journals: Discover world-class research

Abstract

Initially, a brief review is presented of the techniques used for the measurement of the strength and ductility of steels under hot-working conditions. Laboratory hot-workability tests are widely used in practice to study steel processing problems, and a number of situations are described where the cause has been related to variations in microstructure and composition. The presence of non-equilibrium microstructural phases such as delta ferrite in stainless steels and carbide segregates in bearing steels can result in a marked deterioration in hot workability. The form and distribution of inclusions in free-cutting steels influence rolling behaviour, and under certain conditions splitting of the ends of the stock can occur. In the case of carbon and low-alloy steels, there may be a marked influence from the residual content of the steel in conjunction with the heating conditions used to prepare the steel for hot working.

Get full access to this article

View all access options for this article.

References

NICHOLSON

: Iron Steel, 1964, 37, 290, 363.

MOORE

: ‘Deformation under hot working conditions‘, 103; 1968, London, The Iron and Steel Institute.

MCG. TEGART

W. J.

: ‘Ductility’, 133; 1968, Metals Park, Ohio, American Society for Metals.

SELLARS

C. M.

and MCG. TEGART

W. J.

: Internat. Metallurgical Rev., 1972, 17, 1.

COOK

P. M.

and MCCRUM

A. W.

: ‘The calculation of load and torque in hot rolling’; 1958, BISRA.

SIMS

R. B.

: PrOC. Inst. Mech. Eng., 1954, 164, 194.

SUZUKI

et al.: Rep. Inst. Indust. Sci. Univ. Tokyo, 1968, 18, 139.

WHIT-FAKER

H. I.

et al.: Suppl. Trans. Iron Steel Inst. Jap., Part 2, 1971, 11, 662.

ROSSARD

AND SLAIN

: IRSID publication, Series A, No.174, Oct. 1957.

10.

JONAS

J. J.

et al.: Metallurgical Rev., 1969, 14, I.

11.

JONAS

S. J.

and MCQUEEN

H. J.

: Society of Manufacturing Engin-eering, Document MF72-528, 1972.

12.

ROSSARD

and BLAIN

: Rev. Met., 1962, 59, 223.

13.

GITTINS

et al.: BHP Tech. Bull., 1974, 18, (1), 2.

14.

ROSSARD

and SLAIN

: WM. Sci. Rev. Met., 1959, 56, 285. IS. R. H. MOLLER: BHP Tech. Bull., 1972, 16, (1), 8.

15.

HUGHES

K. E.

and SELLARS

C. M.

: Metallurgist, (974, 6, 201.

16.

NICHOLSON

et al.: ‘Deformation under hot working condi-tions’, 161; 1968, London, The Iron and Steel Institute.

17.

SMITH

et al.: J. Iron Steel Inst., 1972, 210, 412.

18.

BORN

: Stahl U. Eisen, 1953, 73, 1268.

19.

DECROIX

J. H.

et al.: ‘Deformation under hot working condi-tions’, 135; 1968, London, The Iron and Steel Institute.

20.

SCHAEFFLER

A. L.

: Met. Progr., 1949, 56, 680.

21.

PRYCE

and ANDREWS

K. W.

: J. Iron Steel Inst., 1960, 195, 415.

22.

GUIRALDENQ

: Mint Sci. Rev. Met., 1967, 64, 907. 24, F. C. HULL: Weld. J. (Miami, Fla., USA), 1973, 52, 193.

23.

JOHNSON

c. R.

and ROSENBERG

S. J.

: Trans. ASM, 1962, 55, 277.

24.

WELBURN

R. W.

and NICHOLSON

: ‘Chemical metallurgy of iron and steel‘, 233; 1973, London, The Iron and Steel Institute.

25.

SIMS

C. E.

: Trans. AIME, 1959, 215, 367.

26.

HEWITT

and MEADOWS

: ‘Reheating for hot working‘, 55; 1968, London, The Iron and Steel Institute

27.

NICHOLSON

and MURRAY

J. D.

: J. Iron Steel Inst., 1965, 203, 1007.

28.

BILBY

B. A.

: Reports to the United Steel Companies Ltd, 1961-62.

Influence of microstructural and compositional variables on hot working of steel

Abstract

Get full access to this article

References