The mechanical and impact properties have been determined for a series of controlled-rolled low-carbon steels. The influence of manganese, vanadium, and nitrogen on the properties was examined over a finishing rolling temperature range off 9500–750°C. By using a Hall-Petch analysis it was established that (a) the grain size exerted the major influence on the properties, and (b) only a fraction of the available V(C,N) precipitated in the manganese-free as-rolled steels. The effect of microstructure on mechanical properties is discussed.
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