H-phase sulphocarbides and sulphur in nickel-base superalloys

Abstract

H-phase sulphocarbides of the M₂SC type, occurring in the cast nickel-base superalloys IN 100 and 713LC, have been isolated and characterized by X-ray diffraction and electron probe microanalysis. The lattice parameters for the M₂SC phase in IN 100 were: a=3'24 Å, c=11·30 Å, and in 713LC were: a=3·365 Å, c=11·95 Å. The M radical for the M₂SC phase in IN 100 was predominantly titanium, while in 713LC it was predominantly zirconium. IN 100 contained a larger volume fraction of sulphocarbide particles than 713LC, even though the sulphur contents of the two alloys were nominally similar. It is concluded that one contribution of titanium and zirconium additions to nickel-base superalloys is to act as scavengers for residual sulphur, and that hafnium additions may act similarly.

Get full access to this article

View all access options for this article.

References

FRICK

and ROHDE

: Arch. Eisenh., 1960, 31, 419.

KUDIELKA

and ROHDE

: Z. Krist., 1960, 114, 447.

ARROWSMITH

J. H.

: BISRA rep. SNW(C)/E.7/21, 1968.

STRANSKY

and REK

: Slévdrenstvi, 1970, 18 (10), 397.

BECKMANN

et al: Monatsh. Chem., 1968, 99, 1580.

NARITA

and MATSUMOTO

: Tetsu-to-Hagané, 1972, 58, 140.

KIESSLING

and LANGE

: ‘Non-metallic inclusions in steel, Part II’, 145; 1966, London, The Iron and Steel Institute.

NOWOTNY

et al: Planseeber., 1964, 12, 31.

JEITSCHKO

et al: J. Less Common Met., 1964, 7, 133.

10.

NOWOTNY

and BENESOVSKY

: ‘Phase stability in metals and alloys‘, Ed

P. S.

Rudman et al, 319; 1967, New York, McGraw-Hill.

11.

HUGHES

: Nature, 1959, 183, 1543.

12.

TITHER

S. J.

and CLARK

B. R.

: Met. Sci. J., 1970,4, 118.

13.

STROUP

J. P.

and HEACOX

R. A.

: J. Met., 1969, 21, (11), 46.

14.

CREMISIO

R. S.

et al: ibid., 55.

15.

BORSCH

W. J.

and CANADA

H. B.

: ibid., 21, (10), 34.

16.

DONACHIE

M. J.

and KRIEGE

O. H.

: J. Mat., 1972, 7, 269.

17.

AMY

J. A.

: Ph.D. thesis, University of Michigan, 1963.

18.

SCHULTZ

J. W.

: Ph.D. thesis, University of Michigan, 1965.

19.

JELLINEK

: Arkiv Kemi, 1963, 20,447.

20.

COLLINS

H. E.

and QUIGG

R. J.

: Trans. ASM, 1968, 61, 139.

21.

COLLINS

H. E.

and KORTOVICH

C. S.

: J. Mat., 1969, 4, 62.

22.

COLLINS

H. E.

: Trans. ASM, 1969, 62, 82.

23.

DANESI

W. P.

et al: ibid., 1966, 59, 505.

24.

BRAMMAR

I. S.

etal.: ‘Precipitation processes in steels’, 187; 1959, London, The Iron and Steel Institute.

25.

RESTALL

J. E.

and TOULSON

E. C.

: Met. Mat., 1973, 7, (3), 134.

26.

WOOD

J. H.

: paper presented at Electrochemical Society meeting, Miami, Florida, 8–13 October 1972.

27.

RADAVICH

J. F.

: referenced in ‘Structural stability in superalloys’, by Cowan

T. W.

: J. Met., 1968, 20, (11), 22.

28.

POYET

and LEVEQUE

: Rev. MÛ., 1967, 64, 653.

29.

WOOD

J. H.

: private communication.

30.

TOTH

L. E.

: ‘Transition metal carbides and nitrides‘; 1971, New York and London, Academic Press.

31.

GELL

and LEVERANT

G. R.

: Trans. AIME, 1968, 242,1869.

32.

GELL

et al: ‘Achievement of high fatigue resistance in metals and alloys’, ASTM STP 469, 113; 1970, Philadelphia, American Society for Testing and Materials.

33.

KOTVAL

P. S.

et al: Met. Trans., 1972, 3, 453.

34.

DAHL

J. M.

et al: ibid., 1973, 4, 1087.

35.

DUHL

D. N.

and SULLIVAN

C. P.

: J. Met., 1971, 23, (7), 38.

36.

DOHERTY

J. E.

et al: ibid., (i1), 59.

37.

COCHAHDT

A. W.

: ‘High temperature alloys’; US Patent no. 3005 705.