The microstructures of Fe–Co–2V and Fe–Co–V–Ni alloys after various thermomechanical treatments have been studied using transmission electron microscopy. It was found that the addition of nickel enhanced the formation of γ2, both the equilibrium proportion and the rate of precipitation being increased with respect to the ternary. A consequence of the presence of a dispersion of γ2-particles in the quaternaries was a small grain size, which was due mainly to the restriction of primary grain growth.
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