Abstract
An optimal single element flow control device (SEFCD) is proposed in the present study for a small capacity twin strand tundish, to produce steel billet with the desired cleanliness, designed by means of numerical experimentation. To achieve this goal, a mathematical model based on the SOLA-SURF technique and the k-ϵ (where k is the kinetic energy of the fluid and ϵ is its dissipation) two equation turbulence model has been developed to simulate the fluid flow phenomena of molten steel, as well as the mass transfer phenomena of tracer during steady state operation in the tundish. The accuracy of the mathematical model has also been verified by water model experiments, which indicate that the mathematical model is sufficiently accurate and suitable as a tool to develop an optimal SEFCD as required in the present study. Several SEFCD designs have then been evaluated using the mathematical model. The simulated results show that a billet tundish with a high, long, trough shaped pouring pad arrangement has the highest residence time, which promotes inclusion removal, and is thus considered the optimal SEFCD design for the billet tundish.
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