The use of microwave energy to initiate self-propagating, high temperature synthesis (SHS) reactions has been reviewed. Microwave initiation usually results in ignition occurring at the centre of the body, with the combustion wavefront propagating radially outwards. This leads to a number of differences compared with conventionally ignited SHS reactions. These include ignition in both weakly exothermic systems and denser green bodies, crude control of the wavefront propagation, and the generation of different microstructures owing to dissimilar time-temperature and spatial temperature profiles. The technology also extends the range of materials and compositions that can be produced in a self-propagating manner. Commercially important developments are likely to be those that utilise these features to produce tailored microstructures for niche applications
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