The past two decades have seen rapid changes in the ways in which sociologists think about children, and a growing cross-fertilisation of ideas between researchers in a variety of social science disciplines. This paper builds upon these developments by exploring what three inter-related ways of thinking about spatiality might contribute to the new social studies of childhood. Specifically, we identify the importance of progressive understandings of place in overcoming the split between global and local approaches to childhood; we discuss the ways in which children's identities are constituted in and through particular spaces; and we examine the ways in which our understandings of childhood can shape the meaning of spaces and places. These ideas are illustrated by reference to our current research on children's use of the internet as well as a range of wider studies.
Aitken, S. C. 1994. Putting Children in their Place. Washington, DC: Association of American Geographers.
2.
Alanen, L. 1992. Modern Childhood: Exploring the `Child Questions' in Sociology, Research Report 50. University of Jyvaskyla, Finland.
3.
Ambert, A. 1986. `Sociology of Sociology: The Place of Children in North American Sociology', pp.11-31 in P. Alder and P. Alder (eds.), Sociological Studies of Child Development Vol. 1. Greenwich, Conn.: JAI Press.
4.
Bingham, N. , Holloway, S. L. and Valentine, G.1999. `Where Do You Want To Go Tomorrow? Connecting Children and the Internet'. Environment and Planning D: Society and Space.17:655-672.
5.
Bowlby, J. 1951. Maternal Care and Mental Health. Geneva: World Health Organisation.
6.
Bowlby, J. 1953. Child Care and the Growth of Love. London: Penguin.
7.
Brannen, J. and O'Brien, M.1995. `Childhood and the Sociological Gaze: Paradigms and Paradoxes'. Sociology29:729-737.
8.
Brannen, J. and O'Brien, M. (eds.) 1996. Children in Families: Research and Policy. London: Falmer.
9.
Christensen, P. , James, A. and Jenks, C. 2000. `Home and Movement: Children Constructing “Family Time” ', in S. L. Holloway and G. Valentine (eds.), Children's Geographies: Playing, Living, Learning. London: Routledge.
10.
Davidoff, L. and Hall, C. 1987. Family Fortunes: Men and Women of the English Middle Class 1780-1850. London: Unwin Hyman.
11.
Department for Education and Employment . 1997. Connecting the Learning Society: The Government's Consultation Paper on the National Grid for Learning. London: DfEE.
12.
Dixon, C.1997. `Pete's Tool: Identity and Sex-Play in the Design and Technology Classroom'. Gender and Education9:89-104.
13.
Epstein, D.1997. `Boyz' Own Stories: Masculinities and Sexualities in Schools'. Gender and Education9:105-115.
14.
Glaister, D. 1997. `Tap of the devil'. Guardian, pt. 2,3 July, p.2.
15.
Gregson, N. and Lowe, M.1995. ` “Home”-Making: On the Spatiality of Daily Social Reproduction in Contemporary Middle-Class Britain'. Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers20:224-235.
16.
Hall, S. 1995. `New Cultures for Old', pp. 175-213 in D. Massey and P. Jess (eds.), A Place in the World?Milton Keynes and Oxford: The Open University and Oxford University Press.
17.
Holloway, S. L.1998a. `Geographies of Justice: Preschool-Childcare Provision and the Conceptualisation of Social Justice'. Environment and Planning C: Government and Policy15:85-104.
18.
Holloway, S. L.1998b. `Local Childcare Cultures: Moral Geographies of Mothering and the Social Organisation of Pre-School Education'. Gender, Place and Culture5:29-53.
19.
Holloway, S. L.1999. `Mother and Worker? The Negotiation of Motherhood and Paid Employment in Two Urban Neighbourhoods'. Urban Geography20:438-460.
20.
Holloway, S. L. and Valentine, G. (eds.) 2000a. Children's Geographies: Playing, Living, Learning. London: Routledge.
21.
Holloway, S. L. and Valentine, G.2000b. ` “It's Only as Stupid as You Are”: Children's and Adults' Negotiation of ICT Competence at Home and at School'. Social and Cultural Geography1 (forthcoming).
22.
Holloway, S. L. , Valentine, G. and Bingham, N.2000. `Institutionalising Technologies: Masculinities, Femininities and the Heterosexual Economy of the IT Classroom'. Environment and Planning A32:617-633.
23.
James, A. 1993. Childhood Identities: Self and Social Relationships in the Experience of the Child. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
24.
James, A. and Prout, A. (eds.) 1990. Constructing and Reconstructing Childhood: Contemporary Issues in the Sociological Study of Childhood. Basingstoke: Falmer Press.
25.
James, A. , Jenks, C. and Prout, A. 1998. Theorizing Childhood. Cambridge: Polity Press.
26.
Jenks, C. (ed.) 1982. The Sociology of Childhood: Essential Readings. London: Batsford.
27.
Jenks, C. 1996. Childhood. London: Routledge.
28.
Katz, C. 1993. `Growing Girls/Closing Circles: Limits on the Spaces of Knowing in Rural Sudan and US Cities', pp. 88-106 in C. Katz and J. Monk (eds.), Full Circles: Geographies of Women Over the Life Course. London: Routledge.
29.
Katz, C.1994. `Textures of Global Changes: Eroding Ecologies of Childhood in New York and Sudan'. Childhood: A Global Journal of Childhood Research2:103-110.
30.
Kitchin, R. M.1998a. `Towards Geographies of Cyberspace'. Progress in Human Geography22:385-406.
31.
Kitchin, R. M. 1998b. Cyberspace: The World in the Wires. Chichester: Wiley.
32.
Latour, B. 1993. We Have Never Been Modern. London: Harvester Wheatsheaf.
33.
Laurie, N. , Dwyer, C., Holloway, S. L. and Smith, F. M. 1999. Geographies of New Femininities. Harlow, Essex: Longman.
34.
Light, A. 1991. Forever England: Femininity, Literature and Conservatism Between the War. London: Routledge.
35.
Mac an Ghaill, M. 1994. The Making of Men: Masculinities, Sexualities and Schooling. Buckingham: Open University Press.
36.
Mac an Ghaill, M.1996. `Deconstructing Heterosexualities Within School Arenas'. Curriculum Studies4:191-209.
37.
Massey, D. 1994. Space, Place and Gender. Cambridge: Polity Press.
38.
Massey, D.1996. `Politicising Space and Place'. Scottish Geographical Magazine112:117-123.
39.
Massey, D. 1998. `The Spatial Construction of Youth Cultures', pp. 121-129 in T. Skelton and G. Valentine (eds.), Cool Places: Geographies of Youth Cultures. London: Routledge.
40.
Mayall, B. 1994. Children's Childhoods: Observed and Experienced. London: Falmer Press.
41.
McKinsey & Co. 1997. The Future of Information Technology in UK Schools. McKinsey & Co, 1 Jermyn Street, London, SW1Y4UH.
42.
Oakley, A. 1994. `Women and Children First and Last: Parallels and Differences Between Women's and Children's Studies', pp. 13-32 in B. Mayall (ed.), Children's Childhoods: Observed and Experienced. London: Falmer Press.
43.
Opie, I. and Opie, P. 1969. Children's Games in the Street and Playground. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
44.
Opie, I. and Opie, P. 1977 [1959]. The Lore and Language of School Children. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
45.
Opie, C. 1998. `Whose Turn Next? Gender Issues in Information Technology', pp. 80-95 in A. Clark and E. Millard (eds.), Gender in the Secondary Curriculum: Balancing the Books. London: Routledge.
46.
Paechter, C. F. 1998. Educating the Other: Gender, Power and Schooling. London: Falmer Press.
47.
Pollard, A. and Filer, A. 1996. The Social World of Children's Learning. London: Cassell.
48.
Qvortrup, J. , Bardy, M., Sgritta, G. and Wintersberger, H. (eds.) 1994. Childhood Matters: Social Theory, Practice and Politics. Aldershot: Avebury.
49.
Riddell, S.1989. `Pupils, Resistance and Gender Codes: A Study of Classroom Encounters'. Gender and Education1:183-197.
50.
Rivlin, L. G. and Wolfe, M. 1985. Institutional Settings in Children's Lives. New York: Wiley.
51.
Ruddick, S. 1996. Young and Homeless in Hollywood: Mapping Social Identities. London: Routledge.
52.
Shilling, C.1991. `Social Space, Gender Inequalities and Educational Differentiation'. British Journal of Sociology of Education12:23-44.
53.
Sibley, D. 1995. `Families and Domestic Routines: Constructing the Boundaries of Childhood', pp. 123-137 in S. Pile and N. Thrift (eds.), Mapping the Subject: Geographies of Cultural Transformation. London: Routledge.
54.
Skeggs, B.1991. `Challenging Masculinity and Using Sexuality'. British Journal of Sociology of Education12:127-139.
55.
Smith, N. 1993. `Homeless/Global: Scaling Places', pp. 87-119 in J. Bird, B. Curtis, T. Putnam, G. Robertson and L. Tickner (eds.), Mapping the Futures: Local Cultures, Global Change. London: Routledge.
56.
Stainton Rogers, R. and Stainton Rogers, W. 1992. Stories of Childhood: Shifting Agendas of Child Concern. London: Harvester Wheatsheaf.
57.
Stainton Rogers, W. , Hevey, D. and Ash, E. (eds.) 1989. Child Abuse and Neglect: Facing the Challenge. London: Batsford.
58.
Thrift, N. 1995. `A Hyperactive World?', pp. 19-35 in R. J. Johnston, P. J. Taylor and M. J. Watts (eds.), Geographies of Global Change: Remapping the World in the Late Twentieth Century. Oxford: Blackwell.
59.
Valentine, G.1996a. `Angels and Devils: Moral Landscapes of Childhood'. Environment and Planning D: Society and Space14:581-599.
60.
Valentine, G.1996b. `Children Should Be Seen and Not Heard: The Production and Transgression of Adults' Public Space'. Urban Geography17:205-220.
61.
Valentine, G.1997a. ` “Oh Yes I Can.”“Oh No You Can't”: Children and Parents' Understandings of Kids' Competence to Negotiate Public Space Safely'. Antipode29:65-89.
62.
Valentine, G.1997b. ` “My Son's a Bit Dizzy”“My Wife's a Bit Soft”: Gender, Children and Cultures of Parenting'. Gender, Place and Culture4:37-62.
63.
Valentine, G. and Holloway, S. L.2000. `On-line Dangers? Geographies of Parents' Fears for Children's Safety in Cyberspace'. Professional Geographer52 (forthcoming).
64.
Wilkinson. H.1995. `Take Care in Cyberspace Children'. Independent, 1 December, p. 21.
65.
Wolfe, M. and Rivlin, L. G. 1987. `The Institutions in Children's Lives', pp. 89-116 in C. S. Weinstein and T. G. David (eds.), Spaces for Children: The Built Environment and Child Development. New York: Plenum.
