Manufacturers typically operate in a steady-state mode and may be inadequately prepared to deal with large projects, especially those involving major cultural changes. This paper integrates the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK®) processes with the use of an external consultant. To illustrate the use of an external consultant in cultural change projects, Just-in-Time (JIT) implementation was chosen, due to its widespread reporting in both academic and practitioner literature. Such expertise enhances the effectiveness and efficiency of the project through objective coaching and the skilled application of project management techniques.
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