Most students who are deaf or hard of hearing (S-D/HH) do not read proficiently (Karchmer, Milone, & Work, 1979; Allen, 1996). Although there has been some improvement in deaf students' achievement in reading (Holt, Traxler, & Allen, 1992), students continue to leave high school reading on a third to fourth grade reading level. A review of the literature in deaf education and related fields resulted in a rationale and description of ten essential practices when adults read to S-D/HH. These practices are briefly reviewed in this paper and examples provided. In addition, information on “when students read to adults” is included.
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