Abstract
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Identify the utility of and describe how to perform spectral Doppler in a thyroid nodule assessment.
Recognize limitations and challenges of spectral Doppler in thyroid nodule assessment.
Interpret spectral Doppler parameters for malignancy prediction.
What spectral Doppler measurements are increased in a malignant thyroid nodule? A. Resistive index (RI) and pulsatility index (PI) B. Peak systolic velocity (PSV) and end diastolic velocity (EDV) C. Acceleration time (AT) and peak systolic velocity (PSV) D. End diastolic velocity (EDV) and time-averaged peak velocity (TAPV)
What is the optimal resistive index (RI) cutoff value to predict malignancy in thyroid nodules? A. 81.3% B. 0.73 C. 1.37 D. 0.839
How did the study use spectral Doppler tools to assess spectral Doppler characteristics? A. Sample gate was placed in the center of central and peripheral arteries with an angle of ≤ 60°. B. Sample gate was placed in multiple veins with an angle of 0°. C. Sample gate was opened across the entire diameter of an artery to assess for Doppler waveform characteristics, using an angle of 0° to 45°. D. Sample gate was placed in the center of a cross-section of an artery in the nodule with an angle of ≤ 45°.
What are the primary limitations regarding the use of spectral Doppler in thyroid nodule assessment? A. Lack of sensitivity and specificity B. Variability in Doppler signal interpretation C. High cost and invasiveness D. Limited spatial resolution
What test was used as the gold standard for diagnosing thyroid nodule composition? A. Grayscale ultrasound characteristics B. Nuclear medicine radioactive uptake test C. Pathology results D. Spectral Doppler ultrasound measurements
Using the cutoff value for the pulsatility index reported in this article, a nodule exhibiting a pulsatility index of 0.9 is most likely _____________. A. A benign nodule B. A malignant nodule C. A metastatic nodule D. Indeterminable according to the study
Which diagnostic findings were significantly related to the risk of malignancy in thyroid nodules, as assessed using spectral Doppler? A. Echogenicity and shape of nodules B. Decreased vascularity and uniform blood flow C. Size and location of nodules D. Increased vascularity and chaotic blood flow patterns