Abstract
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Compare and contrast lung ultrasound (LUS) and high resolution chest computed tomography (HRCT) to accurately diagnose suspected COVID-19 patients admitted through the emergency department (ED).
Describe the standardized lung ultrasound (LUS) imaging protocol as a high sensitivity non-invasive diagnostic imaging tool for detecting COVID-19 and lung abnormalities.
Evaluate the COVID-19 positive patient cohort with statistical outcomes obtained between LUS and Chest HRCT imaging diagnostic findings.
In this study, exclusion criteria of admitted ED patients with suspected COVID-19 included which of the following? A. Age B. Pregnancy C. Gender D. Ventilation status
According to the authors, the standardized LUS protocol for scanning suspected COVID-19 patients required imaging in how many lung areas? A. 3 B. 6 C. 9 D. 12
In Figure 1, images D and E demonstrate which specific sonographic LUS Protocol areas? A. R3-R4 B. L3-L4 C. R5-R6 D. L5-L6
In regard to the HRCT chest protocol, each lung is divided into how many zones? A. 3 B. 6 C. 9 D. 12
Out of the 182 suspected COVID-19 patients, who were 18 years old or older, admitted through the ED during the 2020 timeline, how many met the cohort inclusion criteria? A. 23 B. 101 C. 159 D. 16
Table 3, covering descriptive statistics, provides general characteristics indicating what percentage of males were enrolled in this study? A. 66% B. 65% C. 63% D. 70%
Table 6, covering diagnostic findings, indicates the LUS and HRCT Left Lung Posterior area demonstrated COVID-19 features in how many COVID-19 positive patients? A. 26 B. 84 C. 79 D. 88
Which of the following was one of the noted limitations of this study was? A. Two physicians scanned each LUS imaging patient B. One radiologist evaluated the Chest HRCTs C. Only patients admitted through the emergency department were included D. Multiple imaging centers participated in this study
HRCT imaging of the lung for interstitial disease is considered to be which of the following? A. Inferior to LUS accuracy B. The only option for imaging COVID-19 positive patients C. Second only to Chest Radiography D. The gold standard
The abbreviation for the nasopharyngeal swab testing method used to aid in the diagnosis of COVID-19 patients is _________. A. RP-CTR B. CTR-RP C. RT-PCR D. PCR-RT
Noted on Chest HRCT, the lung abnormality term “ground glass” is in reference to which of the following? A. A-Lines B. B-Lines C. Opacity D. Honeycombing
In this study, the statistical analysis of not normally distributed data was analyzed with _____________. A. a sample t-test B. the Mann-Whitney U test C. contingency tables D. the Welch’s t-test
Figure 6 demonstrates which sonographic finding listed below? A. Pleural Effusion B. A pattern C. Sub-pleural consolidation D. B-Lines
Image C in Figure 1 demonstrates which radiographic finding listed below? A. Honeycombing B. GGO C. Crazy Paving D. Pleural Effusion
What imaging artifact is seen in both images of Figure 3? A. A-Lines B. B-Lines C. Consolidation D. Effusion