Abstract
Article: Echogenicity of the Carotid Arterial Wall in Active Smokers
Authors: Carol Mitchell, PhD, ACS, RDMS, RDCS, RVT, RT(R), Megan E. Piper, PhD, Claudia E. Korcarz, DVM, RDCS, Kristin Hansen, BS, RDCS, RVT, JoAnne Weber, BS, RDCS, RVT, Michael C. Fiore, MD, MPH, MBA, Timothy B. Baker, PhD, and James H. Stein, MD
Category: Cardiac (Adult) [AE]
Credit: 0.5 SDMS CME Credit
Objectives: After studying the article entitled “Echogenicity of the Carotid Arterial Wall in Active Smokers,” you will be able to:
Identify imaging markers that are indicative of late-stage atherosclerosis due to smoking
Understand the mechanism of increased atherosclerosis in smokers
Understand the proper method to measure carotid artery walls to assess atherosclerotic risk
What anatomical marker(s) must be identified in measuring the intima of the distal common carotid artery? A. Internal carotid artery B. Carotid bulb C. Common carotid artery D. External carotid artery
Which two characteristics were significant predictors of common carotid artery grayscale median values? A. Weight and sex B. Age and sex C. Race and sex D. Race and weight
Pack years is used to describe smoking heaviness. How does this relate to age? A. As age increases, the effects of smoking slow down because the number of cigarettes smoked per day does not increase B. As age increases, the association between age and smoking heaviness is minimized C. Varies in different sexes and races D. The effects of smoking accelerate due to the combination of more cigarettes smoked per day and more years of smoking heaviness
Cardiovascular disease factors increase based on A. Race, sex, and age B. Age, waist circumference, and HDL-C C. Race and sex D. Lower age, lower pack years, and higher BMI
What distance should the sonographer measure the intima-media complex for grayscale analysis? A. 0.7 cm B. 1.0 cm C. 2.0 cm D. 3.6 cm
Footnotes