Abstract
Article: Teratogens and Congenital Heart Disease
Authors: Tara A. Lynch, MD, David E. Abel, MD
Category: Obstetrics
Credit: 1.0 SDMS CME Credit
Objectives: After studying the article entitled “Teratogens and Congenital Heart Disease,” you will be able to:
Define the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) categories for pregnancy risk
Classify families of drugs as to their teratogenic risk
Describe the major congenital anomalies associated with different families of drugs
Of all pregnancies, approximately _______ are unintended. 30% 40% 50% 60%
A drug for which animal studies show adverse risks to a fetus and no well-controlled studies have been done in pregnant women corresponds to FDA pregnancy risk Category A Category C Category D Category X
The majority of drugs that are used as antiepileptic drugs fall into FDA pregnancy risk Category A Category C Category D Category X
A drug for which there is evidence of fetal abnormalities and the risks outweigh the potential benefits corresponds to FDA pregnancy risk Category A Category C Category D Category X
The most crucial time for fetal heart development falls between weeks 2 and 7 of gestation 10 and 15 of gestation 16 and 20 of gestation 24 and 30 of gestation
If untreated, phenylketonuria increases the risk of congenital heart disease by a factor of Four Six Seven Eight
Lithium, often used to treat bipolar disorder, has been linked to Pulmonary stenosis Ebstein’s anomaly Ventricular septal defects Tetralogy of Fallot
Nitrofurantoin (Macrobid), a commonly used antibiotic, has been linked to Transposition of the great vessels Tetralogy of Fallot Ebstein’s anomaly Hypoplastic left heart syndrome
Excessive exposure to vitamin A during pregnancy has been linked to Pulmonary stenosis Atrial septal defects Ventricular septal defects Tetralogy of Fallot
Congenital heart disease occurs at approximately what rate per 1000 live births? 2–3 4–5 6–12 15–21
Footnotes