Abstract
Article: Doppler Tissue Imaging Is More Sensitive Than Other Echocardiographic Markers in Identifying Abnormal Relaxation in Subclinical Hypertensive Disease and Normal Ejection Fraction
Authors: Jeffrey C. Hill, BSBA, RDCS, FASE, Daniel P. Bourque, MS, RCS
Category: Cardiac
Credit: 1.0 SDMS CME Credit
Objectives: After studying the article entitled “Doppler Tissue Imaging Is More Sensitive Than Other Echocardiographic Markers in Identifying Abnormal Relaxation in Subclinical Hypertensive Disease and Normal Ejection Fraction,” you will be able to:
Perform appropriate measurements during an echocardiographic examination to evaluate ventricular diastolic function
Determine whether ventricular diastolic function measurements are normal or abnormal
Identify echocardiographic findings associated with subclinical hypertension
Which of the following measurements is used to estimate ventricular relaxation? E/E′ ratio Doppler tissue imaging (DTI) E′ velocity Left atrial volume index Pulmonary vein S-wave and D-wave velocity ratio
During which phase of the cardiac cycle are left atrial volumes measured? End-ventricular diastole Mid-ventricular diastole End-ventricular systole Mid-ventricular systole
Which of the following echocardiography results would demonstrate a patient with elevated left atrial pressure? E/E′ ratio >15 Isovolumic relaxation time >100 ms Left atrial volume index <33 mL/m2 Mitral valve E-wave deceleration time >200 ms
Which of the following characteristic applies to the patients in this case study? E/E′ ratio >12 Abnormal left ventricular mass index Prolonged mitral valve E-wave deceleration time Reduced Doppler tissue imaging E′ velocities at the septal and lateral annulus
As the transition from stage 1 to stage 2 diastolic dysfunction occurs, which of the following changes are observed? Gradual decrease in left atrial pressure, mitral valve E-wave velocity decreases, E-wave deceleration time decreases Gradual increase in left atrial pressure, mitral valve E-wave velocity increases, E-wave deceleration time increases Gradual decrease in left atrial pressure, mitral valve E-wave velocity increases, E-wave deceleration time increases Gradual increase in left atrial pressure, mitral valve E-wave velocity increases, E-wave deceleration time increases
What is the first phase of diastole? Isovolumic relaxation time Diastasis Early rapid filling Atrial contraction
The isovolumic relaxation time (IVRT) can be measured by which of the following methods? E/A ratio Doppler tissue imaging E′-wave velocity Color M-mode velocity propagation (CMM-Vp) measurement Continuous wave Doppler obtained between mitral inflow and aortic outflow
Velocities of 15.5 ± 2.7 cm/s are normal for which of the following measurements? Mitral valve E-wave velocity Mitral valve A-wave velocity Doppler tissue imaging septal E′-wave velocity Pulmonary vein D-wave velocity
Which of the following Doppler tissue imaging E′-wave velocities is considered abnormal? <8 cm/s >15 cm/s >10 cm/s >8 cm/s
Which of the following methods are used to estimate left atrial filling pressures? Left atrial volume index Mitral valve A-wave duration E/E′ ratio Color M-mode velocity propagation (CMM-Vp)
Footnotes