Abstract
Article: Combined 2D and 3D Transthoracic and Transesophageal Echocardiography in the Evaluation of Nonobstructive and Obstructive Cor Triatriatum Sinister
Authors: Steven Walling, BS, RDCS, RCS, Richard Palma, BS, RDCS, RCS, FASE, and Lorraine Chubet, RDCS, FASE
Category: Cardiac
Credit: 1.0 SDMS CME Credit
Objectives: After studying the article entitled “Combined 2D and 3D Transthoracic and Transesophageal Echocardiography in the Evaluation of Nonobstructive and Obstructive Cor Triatriatum Sinister,” you will be able to:
Explain the cardiac development responsible for cor triatriatum
Evaluate the cardiac patient with atrial disease
Determine the role of echocardiography in the evaluation of patients with cor triatriatum
Cor triatriatum sinister refers to A three-chambered heart A partition of the left atrium A partition of the right atrium An atrial septal defect
The incidence of cor triatriatum in patients with congenital heart disease is approximately 0.1% to 0.4% 0.5% to 1% 1% to 4% 5% to 10%
Severity of an atrial obstruction is best evaluated during echocardiography by 2D imaging Color Doppler imaging Spectral Doppler 3D imaging
Symptoms of obstructive cor triatriatum may be similar to those of Aortic stenosis Mitral stenosis Pulmonary embolism Superior vena cava syndrome
A commonly seen anomaly associated with cor triatriatum is Aplastic inferior vena cava Dissecting aortic aneurysm Anomalous pulmonary artery connections Atrial septal defects
Treatment for obstructive cor triatriatum typically is Medical management with a beta blocker Balloon angioplasty Surgery Transcatheter mitral valve replacement
Right atrial septation typically develops secondary to a persistent remnant of the Right valve of the sinus venosus Atrial appendage Common pulmonary artery Common pulmonary veins
Left atrial septation typically develops secondary to abnormal development of the Right valve of the sinus venosus Atrial appendage Common pulmonary artery Common pulmonary veins
Nonobstructive cor triatriatum is best exemplified by a Loeffler Group 1, direct left atrial drainage to the right atrium Group 2, small openings for left atrial drainage Group 3, a single large opening for left atrial drainage Classification not defined, as all the groups refer to obstructive disease
An anomaly infrequently associated with cor triatriatum is Aplastic inferior vena cava Dissecting aortic aneurysm Anomalous pulmonary artery connections Atrial septal defects
Footnotes