Abstract
Article: A Selective Review of Commonly Used Sonography-Guided Hyperthermic Ablative Technologies for Malignant Lesions of the Liver
Author: Michelle Katherine LeVeque, BS
Category: Abdomen
Credit: 1 SDMS CME credit
Objectives: After studying the article titled “A Selective Review of Commonly Used Sonography-Guided Hyperthermic Ablative Technologies for Malignant Lesions of the Liver,” you will be able to:
Discuss the options for ablative treatment of malignant liver lesions
Identify the sonographic characteristics of tissue undergoing ablation therapy
Develop a protocol for sonographic guidance during ablative procedures
What is the most commonly used interventional therapy for primary and secondary hepatic malignancies? Cryotherapy Radiofrequency ablation Microwave ablation Surgery
What is the oldest ablation therapy still in use today? Cryotherapy Radiofrequency ablation Microwave ablation Laser ablation
What type of technique is radiofrequency ablation? Chemical Contrast enhanced Cavitational Hyperthermic
What range of frequencies is used in generating the radiofrequency current for ablation? 200–1200 Hz 200–1200 kHz 200–1200 MHz 200–1200 GHz
What maximum size lesion is radiofrequency ablation typically able to fully treat? 2–5 mm 5–10 mm 10–20 mm 20–50 mm
What size necrotic zone beyond the tumor margin is considered necessary to ensure a successful ablation procedure? 1–2 mm 2–5 mm 5–10 mm 10–20 mm
What is the effect of a gradual application of a “ramp up” of power delivery when using radiofrequency ablation? Increased volume of coagulation Prolonged procedure time Increased tissue charring Uneven tissue heating
What is the advantage of using bipolar electrodes instead of a monopolar system for radiofrequency ablation? Tumor destruction over a large tissue volume Faster focal heating Ease of probe placement Use of a simple grounding pad
What is the potential advantage of microwave ablation compared to radiofrequency ablation? A larger zone of uniform active heating Technologic simplicity Precise control of heating in a small tissue volume Fewer treatment sessions needed
For what lesion(s) is survival improved for surgical resection compared with ablation? A small solitary lesion Multiple lesions less than 3 cm A solitary lesion larger than 5 cm Survival after ablation is always better