Endometriosis is a condition in which endometrial tissue is found outside of the uterus. The ectopic endometrial tissue may be found in a variety of places but commonly involves the peritoneal surfaces of the pelvis. Rarely implants of endometriosis can be seen in other areas such as the bladder and urinary tract. When conducting routine transvaginal sonography (TVS) on a woman in her late 40s with pelvic pain, a mass was noted in the bladder that was later confirmed as endometriosis via laparoscopic surgery. This case report demonstrates the appearance of bladder endometriosis on TVS and reviews its clinical presentation as well as pathophysiology.
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