This study investigated the undrained seismic bearing capacity of strip footings embedded in two-layered slopes by finite element limit analysis (FELA); in particular, a pseudostatic method was specified to seismic loads. Lower bound theory (LB), upper bound theory (UB), and adaptive meshing technique are employed for exploring the effect of the shear strength ratio of top layer and bottom layer, cu1/cu2; the horizontal embedment depth of footings, b/B; the footing locations (in bottom layer or top layer); seismic coefficient kh; and the slope gradient β on seismic bearing capacity. Results indicated that the seismic bearing capacity would increase with the growth of horizontal embedment depth of footings. The comparison between the predictions obtained from the proposed method and the existing method was presented, and the failure mechanisms are further summarized.
AskariFFarzanehO (2003) Upper-bound solution for seismic bearing capacity of shallow foundations near slopes. Géotechnique53: 697–702.
2.
BudhuMAl-KarniA (1993) Seismic bearing capacity of soils. Géotechnique43(1): 181–187.
3.
CastelliFMottaE (2009) Bearing capacity of strip footings near slopes. Geotechnical and Geological Engineering28(2): 187–198.
4.
ChakrabortyDKumarJ (2014) Seismic bearing capacity of shallow embedded foundations on a sloping ground surface. International Journal of Geomechanics15(1): 04014035.
5.
ChakrabortyDKumarJ (2015) Seismic bearing capacity of shallow embedded foundations on a sloping ground surface. International Journal of Geomechanics15(1): 04014035.
6.
ChakrabortyDMaheshY (2015) Seismic bearing capacity factors for strip footings on an embankment by using lower-bound limit analysis. International Journal of Geomechanics16(3): 06015008.
7.
ChoudhuryDSubbaRao KS (2006) Seismic bearing capacity of shallow strip footings embedded in slope. International Journal of Geomechanics6(3): 176–184.
8.
CiniciogluOErkliA (2018) Seismic bearing capacity of surficial foundations on sloping cohesive ground. Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering111: 53–64.
9.
DormieuxLPeckerA (1995) Seismic bearing capacity of foundation on cohesionless soil. Journal of Geotechnical Engineering121(3): 300–303.
10.
FarzanehOMofidiJAskariF (2013) Seismic bearing capacity of strip footings near cohesive slopes using lower bound limit analysis. In: 18th International conference on soil mechanics and geotechnical engineering, Paris, 2–6September2013.
11.
GeorgiadisK (2010a) An upper-bound solution for the undrained bearing capacity of strip footings at the top of a slope. Géotechnique60(10): 801–806.
12.
GeorgiadisK (2010b) Undrained bearing capacity of strip footings on slopes. Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering136(5): 677–685.
13.
GrahamJAndrewsMShieldsDH (1988) Stress characteristics for shallow footings in cohesionless slopes. Canadian Geotechnical Journal25: 238–249.
14.
KeshavarzABeygiMValiR (2019) Undrained seismic bearing capacity of strip footing placed on homogeneous and heterogeneous soil slopes by finite element limit analysis. Computers and Geotechnics113: 103094.
15.
KrabbenhoftKLyaminAKrabbenhoftJ (2015) Optum computational engineering (OptumG2). Available at: www.optumce.com
16.
KumarJChakrabortyD (2013) Seismic bearing capacity of foundations on cohesionless slopes. Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering139(11): 1986–1993.
17.
KumarJGhoshP (2006) Seismic bearing capacity for embedded footings on sloping ground. Géotechnique56(2): 133–140.
18.
KumarJRaoVBKM (2003) Seismic bearing capacity of foundations on slopes. Géotechnique53: 347–160.
19.
KusakabeOKimuraTYamaguchH (1981) Bearing capacity of slopes under strip loads on the top surfaces. Soils and Foundations21: 29–40.
20.
LeshchinskyBXieY (2017) Bearing capacity for spread footings placed near c′-ϕ′ slopes. Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering143(1): 06016020.
21.
MerifieldRSSloanSWYuHS (2001) Stability of plate anchors in undrained clay. Géotechnique51(2): 141–153.
22.
MeyerhofGG (1957) The ultimate bearing capacity of foundations on slopes. In: 4th International conference on soil mechanics and foundation engineering, vol. 1, London, 12–24 August, pp. 384–386. London: Butterworths Scientific Publications.
23.
NaritaKYamaguchiH (1990) Bearing capacity analysis of foundations on slopes by use of log-spiral sliding surfaces. Soils and Foundations30: 144–152.
24.
QianZGLiAJMerifieldRSLyaminAV (2015) Slope stability charts for two-layered purely cohesive soils based on finite-element limit analysis methods. International Journal of Geomechanics15(3): 06014022.
25.
QinCChianSC (2018) Seismic ultimate bearing capacity of a Hoek-Brown rock slope using discretization-based kinematic analysis and pseudodynamic methods. International Journal of Geomechanics18(6): 04018054.
26.
RajDSinghYKayniaAM (2019a) Behavior and critical failure modes of strip foundations on slopes under seismic and structural loading. International Journal of Geomechanics19(6): 04019047.
27.
RajDSinghYKayniaAM (2019b) V–H–M seismic capacity envelopes of strip foundations on slopes for capacity design of structure-foundation system. Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering17: 2963–2987.
28.
RajDSinghYShuklaS (2018) Seismic bearing capacity of strip foundation embedded in c-ϕ soil slope. International Journal of Geomechanics18(7): 04018076.
ShiauJSMerifieldRSLyaminAVSloanSW (2011) Undrained stability of footings on slopes. International Journal of Geomechanics11(5): 381–390.
31.
ShieldsDHScottJDBauerGEDeschenesJHBarsvaryAK (1990) Bearing capacity of foundations near slopes. Journal of Geotechnical Engineering74(2): 715–720.
32.
VesicAS (1975) Bearing capacity of shallow foundations. In: WinterkornHFFangHY (eds) Foundation Engineering Handbook. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold, pp. 144–165.
33.
WuGQZhangRZhaoMHZhouS (2020a) Undrained stability analysis of eccentrically loaded strip footing lying on layered slope by finite element limit analysis. Computers and Geotechnics123: 103600.
34.
WuGQZhaoHZhaoMHXiaoY (2020b) Undrained seismic bearing capacity of strip footings lying on two-layered slopes. Computers and Geotechnics122: 103539.
35.
WuGQZhaoMHZhaoHXiaoY (2019) Undrained seismic bearing capacity of strip footings lying adjacent to two-layered slopes. International Journal of Geomechanics19(8): 04020078.
36.
XiaoYZhaoMHZhaoH (2018) Undrained stability of strip footing above voids in two-layered clays by finite element limit analysis. Computers and Geotechnics97: 124–133.
37.
XiaoYZhaoMHZhangRZhaoHWuGQ (2019) Undrained bearing capacity of strip footings placed adjacent to two-layered slopes. International Journal of Geomechanics19(8): 06019014.
38.
YamamotoK (2010) Seismic bearing capacity of shallow foundations near slopes using the upper-bound method. International Journal of Geotechnical Engineering4(2): 255–267.
39.
ZhangRXiaoYZhaoMHZhaoH (2019) Stability of dual circular tunnels in a rock mass subjected to surcharge loading. Computers and Geotechnics108: 257–268.
40.
ZhouHZhengGXinYRuiJYangX (2018a) The bearing capacity and failure mechanism of a vertically loaded strip footing placed on the top of slopes. Computers and Geotechnics94: 12–21.
41.
ZhouHZhengGYangXLiTYangP (2018b) Ultimate seismic bearing capacities and failure mechanisms for strip footings placed adjacent to slopes. Canadian Geotechnical Journal13: 747–755.
