Using Conducting Gestures to Teach Music Concepts A Review of Research

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Cofer, R. S. (1998). Effects of conducting-gesture instruction on seventh-grade band students' performance response to conducting emblems. Journal of Research in Music Education, 46 (3), 360–373.

Cofer, R. S. (1994). An investigation into the effects of conducting instruction with seventh-grade band students. Southeastern Journal of Music Education, 6, 107–118.

Forsythe, J. L. , & Kelly, M. M. (1989). Effects of visual-spatial added cues on fourth-grade melodic discrimination. Journal of Research in Music Education, 37(4), 272–277.

Fredrickson, W. E. (1994). Band musicians' performance and eye contact as influenced by loss of a visual and/or aural stimulus. Journal of Research in Music Education, 42 (4), 306–317.

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Mayne, R. G. (1992). An investigation of the use of facial expression in conjunction with musical conducting gestures and their interpretation by instrumental performers (Doctoral dissertation, Ohio State University, 1992). Dissertation Abstracts International, 53, 2729A.

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Skadsem, J. A. (1997). Effect of conductor verbalization, dynamic markings, conductor gesture, and choir dynamic level on singers' dynamic responses. Journal of Research in Music Education, 45 (4), 509–520.

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Yarbrough, C. , & Price, H. E. (1981). Prediction of performer attentiveness based on rehearsal activity and teacher behavior. Journal of Research in Music Education, 29 (3), 209–217.