Identification and Application of the Concept of Role Model

Block, A. F. (1988). The status of women in college music, 1986–1987: A statistical report. In N. B. Reich (Ed.), Women's studies/Women's status (pp. 79–158). Boulder, CO: College Music Society.

Brass Ceiling: Women are shut out of band director jobs. (1995, 15 August). The Wall Street Journal, p. A1.

Byrne, E. (1993). Women and science: The snark syndrome. London: The Falmer Press.

Clifford, G. J. (Ed.). (1989) Lone voyagers: Academic women in coeducational universities 1870–1937. New York: The Feminist Press.

Delzell, J. K. (1993/94). Variables affecting the gender-role stereotyping of high school band teaching positions. Quarterly Journal of Music Teaching and Learning, IV/V, 77–84.

Ervin, E. (1993). Resisting mastery. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Conference on College Composition and Communication, San Diego, CA, March/April, 1993. (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED 361 715)

Feather, C. A. (1987). Women band directors in American higher education. In J. L. Zaimont , C. Overhauser , & J. Gottlieb (Eds.), The musical woman: An international perspective, Vol. II, 1984–1985 (pp. 388–410). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Fisher, B. (1987). Wandering in the wilderness: The search for women role models. Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society, 13, 211–33.

Froelich, H., & L'Roy, D. (1985). An investigation of occupancy identity in undergraduate music education majors. Bulletin of the Council for Research in Music Education, No. 85, 68–69.

Gould, E. S. (1988). Occupational sex segregation: Wyoming high school band directors, 1975–1988. Unpublished master's thesis, University of Wyoming, Laramie.

Gould, E. S. (1996). Initial involvements and continuity of women college band directors: The presence of gender-specific occupational role models. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Oregon, Eugene.

Hamann, D. L. , & Walker, L. M. (1993). Music teachers as role models for African-American students. Journal of Research in Music Education, 41, 303–14.

Hartley, L. (1995, August). A preliminary study of gender imbalance among college band directors: An investigation of low female population. Paper presented at the Women's Music Symposium, Boulder, CO.

Herbst, J. (1989). And sadly teach: Teacher education and professionalization in American Culture. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press.

Jackson, C. A. (1996). The relationship between the imbalance of numbers of women and men college band conductors and the various issues that influence the career aspirations of women instrumental musicians. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Michigan State University, East Lansing.

Jung, J. (1986). How useful is the concept of role model? A critical analysis. Journal of Social Behavior and Personality, 1, 525–36.

Killam, R., & Lynch, C. (1990, October). In our own voices: Women academic musicians' descriptions of role models, education, and goals. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the College Music Society, Washington, DC.

Lawson, K. D. (1984, May). A woman's place is at the podium. Music Educators Journa, 70, 46–49.

Levine, L. W. (1988). Lowbrow/highbrow: The emergence of cultural hierarchy in America. Cambridge: Harvard Univ. Press.

McCarrell, L. K. (1973). The impact of World War II upon the college band. Journal of Band Research, 10, 3–8.

McElroy, C. J. (1996). The status of women orchestra and band conductors in North American colleges and universities: 1984–1996. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Missouri, Kansas City.

McLain, B. P. (2000, March). Teaching music in the American university: A gender analysis. Poster session presented at the national biennial in-service conference of MENC: The National Association for Music Education, Washington, DC.

Rees, M. A. (1986). Music faculty and the achievement of status in the university environment. Paper presented at the annual meeting of College Music Society. (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED 294 476).

Roberts, B. (1991). Music teacher education as identity construction. International Journal of Music Education, 18, 30–39.

Rossiter, M. S. (1982). Women scientists in America: Struggles and strategies to 1940. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins Press.

Saltiel, J. (1985). A note on models and definers as sources of influence in the status attainment process: Male-female difference. Social Forces, 63, 1069–75.

Shields, S. (1977). Women musicians—In step with the times. The School Musician Director and Teacher, 49 (3), 64–66.

Speizer, J. J. (1981). Role models, mentors, and sponsors: The elusive concepts. Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society, 6, 692–712.

Tidball, M. E. (1989). Women's colleges: Exceptional conditions, not exceptional talent, produce high achievers. In C. S. Pearson , D. L. Shavlik , and J. G. Touchton (Eds.), Educating the majority: Women challenge tradition in higher education (pp. 157–72). New York: Collier Macmillan.

Wright, G. (1975, June–July). Career opportunities for the young woman graduate. The School Musician, Director and Teacher, XLI (June–July), 41.

Yoder, J. D. (1985). An academic woman as a token: A case study. Journal of Social Issues, 41, 61–72.