Topical Corticosteroids

DeFremery P Laquer E Reichstein T . Corticosterone, a crystallized compound with the biological activity of the adrenal cortical hormone. Nature 1937; 139: 26.

Hench PS Kendall EC Slocumb CH . The effects of a hormone of the adrenal cortex and of pituitary adrenocorticotropin hormone on rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Proc 1949; 24: 181–93.

Hench PS Kendall EC Slocumb CH . Effects of cortisone acetate and pituitary ACTH on rheumatoid arthritis, rheumatic fever and certain other conditions, a study in clinical physiology. Arch Intern Med 1950; 85: 545–666.

Sarett LH . Synthesis of the monoacetate from desoxycholic acid. J Biol Chem 1946; 162: 601–31.

Sarett LH . A new method for the preparation of 17 (alpha) hydroxyl 20-ketopregnanes. J Am Chem Soc 1948; 70: 1454–8.

Feldmann RJ Maibach HI . Percutaneous penetration of steroids in man. J Invest Dermatol 1968; 52: 89–94.

Hsia SI Hao Y-L . Transformation of cortisone to cortisol in human skin. Steroids 1967; 10: 489–507.

Sulzberger MB Witten HH . The effect of topically applied compound F in selective dermatoses. J Invest Dermatol 1952; 19: 101–2.

Haynes RC Larner J . Adrenocorticotropic hormone: Adrenocortical steroids and their synthetic analog: Inhibition of adrenocortical steroid biosynthesis. In: Gilman AG Goodman LS Rall TW Murad F , eds. Goodman and Gilman's the pharmacological basis of therapeutics, 5th ed. New York: Macmillan, 1975: 1475–506.

Fitzpatrick TB Griswold HC Hicks JH . Sodium retention and edema from percutaneous absorption of fludrocortisone acetate. JAMA 1955; 158: 1149–52.

Stevanovic DV Wilson L Sparks CG . A separation of a clinical from epidermal thinning effect in the topical glucocorticoid clobetasone butyrate. Br J Dermatol 1977; 96: 67–70.

Feldman RJ Maibach HI . Penetration of 14-C-hydrocortisone through normal skin: The effect of stripping and occlusion. Arch Dermatol 1965; 91: 661–9.

McKenzie AW Stoughton RB . Method for comparing percutaneous absorption of steroids. Arch Dermatol 1962; 86: 608–10.

Stoughton RB . Perspectives in topical glucocorticoid therapy. Dermatol Found 1975; 9: 7.

Poelman MC Leveque JL Le Gall F . Objective determination of the bioavailability of dermacorticoids—influence of the formulation. Br J Dermatol 1984; 111: 158–62.

Weston WL . Topical corticosteroids in dermatological disorders. Hosp Pract 1984; 17: 159–78.

Ponec M . Penetration of corticosteroids through the skin in relation to the vehicle. Dermatologica 1978; 152: 37–46.

Alani MD Alani SP . Allergic contact dermatitis to corticosterone. Ann Allergy 1972; 30: 181–5.

Comaish S . A case of hypersensitivity to corticosteroids. Br J Dermatol 1969; 81: 919–25.

Coskey RJ . Contact dermatitis due to multiple corticosteroid creams. Arch Dermatol 1978; 114: 115–7.

Tegner E . Contact allergy to corticosteroids. Int J Dermatol 1976; 15: 520–3.

Fisher AA Pascher F Kanof NB . Allergic contact dermatitis due to ingredients of vehicles. Arch Dermatol 1971; 104: 286–90.

Shore RN Shelley WB . Contact dermatitis from stearyl alcohol and propylene glycol in fluocinonide cream. Arch Dermatol 1974; 109: 397–9.

Epstein S . Paraben sensitivity; subtle trouble. Ann Allergy 1968; 26: 185–9.

Akers WA . Risks of unoccluded topical steroids in clinical trials. Arch Dermatol 1980; 116: 786–8.

Ive FA Marks R . Tinea incognito. Br Med J 1968; 3: 149–52.

Wishart J . Norwegian scabies, a Christ Church epidemic. Aust J Dermatol 1972; 13: 127–31.

Maibach HI Moderator . Topical corticoid therapy. A round table discussion in Part II. Cutis 1979; 24: 633–8.

Hellier FF . Profuse molluscum contagiosa of the face induced by corticosteroids. Br J Dermatol 1971; 85: 398.

Hill CJ Rostenberg A . Adverse effects of topical steroids. Cutis 1978; 21: 624–8.

Smith JG Wehr RF Chalker DL . Corticosteroids-induced atrophy and telangiectasia. Arch Dermatol 1976; 112: 1115–7.

Johns AM Bower BD . Wasting of napkin area after repeated use of fluorinated steroid ointment. Br Med J 1970; 1: 347–8.

Kligman AM Frosch PJ . Steroid addiction. Int J Dermatol 1979; 18: 23–31.

Houck JC Patel YM . Proposed mode of action of corticosteroids on the connective tissue. Nature 1965; 206: 158–60.

Colomb D . Stellate spontaneous pseudoscars. Arch Dermatol 1972; 105: 551–4.

Epstein N Epstein WL Epstein JH . Atrophic striae in patients with inguinal intertrigo. Arch Dermatol 1963; 87: 450–7.

Sneddon I . Adverse effect of topical fluorinated corticosteroids in rosacea. Br Med J 1969; 1: 671–3.

Millen JA Munro DD . Topical corticosteroids: Clinical pharmacology and therapeutic use. Drugs 1980; 19: 119–34.

Plewig G Kligman AM . Induction of acne by topical steroids. Arch Dermatol Forschung 1973; 247: 28–30.

Schoppe E . Side effects from topical corticosteroid therapy. Ann Clin Res 1975; 79: 353–67.

May P Stein EJ Ryter RJ . Cushing syndrome from percutaneous absorption of triamcinolone cream. Arch Intern Med 1976; 136: 612–3.

Himathongkam T Dasanabhairochana P Pitchayayothin N . Florida Cushing's syndrome and hirsutism induced by desoximethasone. JAMA 1978; 239: 430–1.

Burton JL Cunliffe WJ Holti G . Complications of topical corticosteroid therapy in patients with liver disease. Br J Dermatol 1974; 91 (10): 22–3.

Weston WL Sams WM Morris HG . Morning plasma cortisol level in infants treated with topical fluorinated glucocorticoids. Pediatrics 1980; 65: 103–6.

Hendrikse JCM Molenaar AJ . Adrenal and pituitary function during long term topical steroid therapy. Dermatologica 1972; 144: 179–86.