Prostaglandin Intracameral Implants for Ocular Hypertension and Open-Angle Glaucoma

Abstract

Background: Sustained-release prostaglandin intracameral implants are new targeted treatment options for open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension that lower intraocular pressure (IOP) and reduce or eliminate the need for topical eye drops. Objective: To summarize evidence supporting prostaglandin intracameral implants for treatment of ocular hypertension or open angle glaucoma and identify patient populations most likely to benefit from these treatments. Data sources: A PubMed search (1/1/2016 to 10/1/2024) was conducted to identify randomized, controlled clinical trials for bimatoprost 10-μg and travoprost 75-μg intracameral implants. Manufacturer prescribing information, formulary dossiers, Food and Drug Administration (FDA) clinical reviews and glaucoma clinical treatment guidelines were also reviewed. Study selection and data extraction: English-language randomized controlled trials involving bimatoprost 10-μg or travoprost 75-μg intracameral implants were included. Data synthesis: Bimatoprost and travoprost intracameral implants demonstrated noninferior IOP reduction compared to timolol eye drops in phase 3 trials, with sustained effects up to 12 and 36 months, respectively. The FDA-approved implants are limited to a single administration to the affected eye to minimize corneal risks. The travoprost implant contains a titanium reservoir and requires surgical placement, while the bimatoprost implant is biodegradable and can be placed in a clinic setting. There are no studies directly comparing the safety and efficacy of the two intracameral implants. Conclusions: Prostaglandin intracameral implants are a novel approach to reducing medication burden while delivering sustained IOP reducing effects. Pharmacists should be aware of efficacy and safety considerations of these implants relative to available topical treatments for ocular hypertension or open angle glaucoma.