Journalism education has historically adapted its practices to align with newspaper hiring imperatives. As digital newsrooms increasingly integrate computational approaches, journalism educators are again challenged to innovate. Journalism studies scholarship—to date—has often ignored institutional factors that interplay with the product of programmatic curricula. As a population study of accredited programs at land grant institutions, this work identifies how American journalism programs are readying newspaper newsworkers for tomorrow’s newsrooms.
AbhishekA.GravesL. (2024). Analyzing code: What a critical code studies approach reveals about the epistemology of data journalism. Digital Journalism. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1080/21670811.2024.2345205
AitamurtoT.Borges-ReyE.DiakopoulosN. (2023). The future of design + journalism: A manifesto for bridging digital journalism and design. Digital Journalism, 11(3), 399–410.
11.
AndersonC. W. (2013). Towards a sociology of computational and algorithmic journalism. New Media & Society, 15(7), 1005–1021.
12.
AounJ. E. (2017). Robot-proof: Higher education in the age of artificial intelligence. MIT Press.
13.
AppelmanA.SchmierbachM. (2022). Coverage of public opinion polls: Journalists’ perceptions and readers’ responses. Journalism Practice, 18, 763–782.
14.
BhaskaranH.KashyapG.MishraH. (2024). Teaching data journalism: A systematic review. Journalism Practice, 18(3), 722–743.
15.
BlomR.BoweB. J.DavenportL. D. (2019). Accrediting Council on Education in Journalism and Mass Communications Accreditation: Quality or compliance?Journalism Studies, 20(10), 1458–1471.
16.
BobkowskiP. S.EtheridgeC. E. (2023). Spreadsheets, software, storytelling, visualization, lifelong learning: Essential data skills for journalism and strategic communication students. Science Communication, 45(1), 95–116.
17.
BoylesJ. L. (2021). What is data literacy?: And why should we count on it changing the news. In Bélair-GagnonV.UsherN. (Eds.), Journalism research that matters (pp. 167–178). Oxford University Press.
18.
BoylesJ. L.WeberM. S.Borges-ReyE. (2024). In code we trust?: Assessing code’s role as a mediator of power and ethics within journalistic practice. Digital Journalism, 12(7), 914–925.
19.
BroussardM.DiakopoulosN.GuzmanA. L.AbebeR.DupagneM.ChuanC. H. (2019). Artificial intelligence and journalism. Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, 96(3), 673–695.
20.
BucherT. (2017). “Machines don’t have instincts”: Articulating the computational in journalism. New Media & Society, 19(6), 918–933.
21.
CareyJ. W. (2000). Some personal notes on US journalism education. Journalism, 1(1), 12–23.
22.
ChimbelA. (2016). Introduce entrepreneurship concepts early in journalism curriculum. News Research Journal, 37(4), 339–343.
23.
ClarkL. S. (2013). Cultivating the media activist: How critical media literacy and critical service learning can reform journalism education. Journalism, 14(7), 885–903.
24.
ClaussenD. S. (2018). Why your journalism program needs two curricula. News Research Journal, 39(3), 253–258.
25.
CoddingtonM. (2015). Clarifying journalism’s quantitative turn: A typology for evaluating data journalism, computational journalism, and computer-assisted reporting. Digital Journalism, 3(3), 331–348.
26.
CoolsH.KoliskaM. (2024). News automation and algorithmic transparency in the newsroom: The case of theWashington Post. Journalism Studies, 25(6), 662–680.
27.
CoorenF. (2004). Textual agency: How texts do things in organizational settings. Organization, 11(3), 373–393.
28.
CusatisC.Martin-KratzerR. (2010). Assessing the state of math education in ACEJMC-accredited and non-accredited undergraduate journalism programs. Journalism & Mass Communication Educator, 64(4), 356–377.
29.
DeuzeM. (2006). Global journalism education: A conceptual approach. Journalism Studies, 7(1), 19–34.
30.
FolkertsJ. (2014). History of journalism education. Journalism & Communication Monographs, 16(4), 227–299.
31.
FooteJ. (2017). Journalism education’s first century: Markers of progress. In GoodmanR. S.SteynE. (Eds.), Global journalism education in the 21st century: Challenges and innovations (pp. 429–448). Knight Center for Journalism in the Americas.
32.
FoustJ. C.BradshawK. A. (2020). Pushing boundaries: How coding is (and isn’t) taught in accredited journalism programs. Journalism & Mass Communication Educator, 75(3), 335–347.
33.
FürsichE. (2009). In defense of textual analysis: Restoring a challenged method for journalism and media studies. Journalism Studies, 10(2), 238–252.
34.
GreensteinC.MosleyL. (2020). When talk isn’t cheap: Opportunities and challenges in interview research. In CuriniL.FranzeseR. (Eds.), The Sage handbook of research methods in political science and international relations (pp. 1167–1189). Sage.
35.
GriffinR. J.DunwoodyS. (2016). Chair support, faculty entrepreneurship, and the teaching of statistical reasoning to journalism undergraduates in the United States. Journalism, 17(1), 97–118.
36.
GynnildA. (2014). Journalism innovation leads to innovation journalism: The impact of computational exploration on changing mindsets. Journalism, 15(6), 713–730.
37.
HenrichsenJ. R.SheltonM. (2023). Boundaries, barriers, and champions: Understanding digital security education in US journalism programs. Journalism Studies, 24(3), 309–328.
38.
HeraviB. R. (2019). 3Ws of data journalism education: What, where and who?Journalism Practice, 13(3), 349–366.
39.
HermannE. (2022). Artificial intelligence and mass personalization of communication content—An ethical and literacy perspective. New Media & Society, 24(5), 1258–1277.
40.
HewettJ. (2016). Learning to teach data journalism: Innovation, influence and constraints. Journalism, 17(1), 119–137.
41.
KothariA.HickersonA. (2020). Challenges for journalism education in the era of automation. Media Practice and Education, 21(3), 212–228.
42.
LamontM.SwidlerA. (2014). Methodological pluralism and the possibilities and limits of interviewing. Qualitative Sociology, 37, 153–171.
43.
LewisN. P. (2021). Defining and teaching data journalism: A typology. Journalism & Mass Communication Educator, 76(1), 78–90.
44.
LewisS. C.GuzmanA. L.SchmidtT. R. (2019). Automation, journalism, and human–machine communication: Rethinking roles and relationships of humans and machines in news. Digital Journalism, 7(4), 409–427.
45.
LewisS. C.UsherN. (2013). Open source and journalism: Toward new frameworks for imagining news innovation. Media, Culture & Society, 35(5), 602–619.
46.
LindlofT. R.TaylorB. C. (2017). Qualitative communication research methods. Sage.
47.
LowreyW.BroussardR.SherrillL. A. (2019). Data journalism and black-boxed data sets. News Research Journal, 40(1), 69–82.
48.
LowreyW.WooC. W. (2010). The news organization in uncertain times: Business or institution?Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, 87(1), 41–61.
49.
LuttrellR.WallaceA.McColloughC.LeeJ. (2021). Public relations curriculum: A systematic examination of curricular offerings in social media, digital media, and analytics in accredited programs. Journal of Public Relations Education, 7(2), 1–43.
50.
MacchiarellaG.SmithE. (2021). The push and pull of digital skills in mass media curriculum. Media Practice and Education, 22(2), 124–135.
51.
MaierS. R. (2000). Digital diffusion in newsrooms: The uneven advance of computer-assisted reporting. News Research Journal, 21(2), 95–110.
52.
MartinJ. D. (2017). A census of statistics requirements at US journalism programs and a model for a “statistics for journalism” course. Journalism & Mass Communication Educator, 72(4), 461–479.
53.
McConwayK. (2016). Statistics and the media: A statistician’s view. Journalism, 17(1), 49–65.
NelsonJ. L.EdgerlyS. (2022). The (ir)relevance of audience studies in journalism education. Journalism & Mass Communication Educator, 77(2), 177–189.
56.
NolanD. (2008). Journalism, education and the formation of “public subjects.”Journalism, 9(6), 733–749.
57.
PierceT.MillerT. (2007). Basic journalism skills remain important in hiring. News Research Journal, 28(4), 51–61.
58.
PitlukA. (2021). Help wanted: A qualitative study of what newspaper editors consider when hiring journalism school graduates. News Research Journal, 42(3), 314–329.
59.
PyoJ. Y.UsherN. (2021). Recovering the Midwestern ethos of journalism research. In GagnonV. B.UsherN. (Eds.), Journalism research that matters (pp. 17–32). Oxford University Press.
60.
ReeseS. D. (2022). The institution of journalism: Conceptualizing the press in a hybrid media system. Digital Journalism, 10(2), 253–266.
61.
ReynoldsC. (2019). Building theory from media ideology: Coding for power in journalistic discourse. Journal of Communication Inquiry, 43(1), 47–69.
62.
RodgersS. (2015). Foreign objects? Web content management systems, journalistic cultures and the ontology of software. Journalism, 16(1), 10–26.
63.
RoyalC. (2017). Coding the curriculum: Journalism education for the digital age. In GoodmanR. S.SteynE. (Eds.), Global journalism education in the 21st century: Challenges and innovations (pp. 383–407). Knight Center for Journalism in the Americas.
64.
RoyalC. (2023). Design implications for a burgeoning digital product ecosystem: Roles, culture and engagement. Digital Journalism, 11(3), 587–594.
65.
Sørmo StrømmeE. (2023). Should I stay or should I code? Of collaboration and do-it-yourself programming in investigative journalism. Digital Journalism, 12(7), 965–984.
66.
SaldañaJ. (2021). The coding manual for qualitative researchers. Sage.
67.
ScacciaJ. (2023). The potential for public impact in a J department’s local information ecosystem: Key ingredients for starting a journalism teaching hospital. Journalism & Mass Communication Educator, 78(4), 383–400.
68.
SchmidtV. A. (2009). Comparative institutional analysis. In RobinsonN.LandmanT. (Eds.), The Sage handbook of comparative politics (pp. 125–143). Sage.
69.
SiitonenM.LaajalahtiA.VenäläinenP. (2024). Mapping automation in journalism studies 2010–2019: A literature review. Journalism Studies, 25(3), 299–318.
70.
SingerJ. B.LewisS. C.Wahl-JorgensenK. (2023). Journalism in the quarterly: A century of change in the industry and the academy. Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, 100(4), 773–792.
71.
SmithD. E. (2001). Texts and the ontology of organizations and institutions. Studies in Cultures, Organizations and Societies, 7(2), 159–198.
72.
SolkinL. (2022). Journalism education in the 21st century: A thematic analysis of the research literature. Journalism, 23(2), 444–460.
73.
TaylorJ. R.CoorenF.GirouxN.RobichaudD. (1996). The communicational basis of organization: Between the conversation and the text. Communication Theory, 6(1), 1–39.
74.
TaylorJ. R.RobichaudD. (2004). Finding the organization in the communication: Discourse as action and sensemaking. Organization, 11(3), 395–413.
VragaE. K.TullyM. (2021). News literacy, social media behaviors, and skepticism toward information on social media. Information, Communication & Society, 24(2), 150–166.
80.
WeberM. S.KosterichA. (2018). Coding the news: The role of computer code in filtering and distributing news. Digital Journalism, 6(3), 310–329.
81.
West Virginia University. (2024). 2023-2024 academic catalog reed college of media courses (MDIA 201: Digital & social media literacy). http://catalog.wvu.edu/undergraduate/
82.
WuY.GarrisonB. (2021). Private and public ownership in the drive toward digital innovations in newspaper newsrooms. News Research Journal, 42(1), 127–147.
83.
ZamithR. (2023). Open-source repositories as trust-building journalism infrastructure: Examining the use of GitHub by news outlets to promote transparency, innovation, and collaboration. Digital Journalism, 12, 1–22.