Vijaya Sunder M, Rithica Mamidi, and Rajendra K. Srivastava delve into the dynamic power of design thinking in healthcare. Through an in-depth exploration of e-Paarvai, an app that detects cataracts, they reveal four pivotal capabilities that managers can use to address complex social problems.
low-income and middle-income countries, there are 3.7 ophthalmologists per million people, compared to 76.2 per million in high-income countries (HICs), which is 18 times lower than the HICs. Cataract surgical rate, also known as CSR, is the total number of cataract operations performed per year, per million population. The volume of cataract surgeries in many LICs and MICs remains low, with a CSR ranging from 500 to 2000 compared to 4000 to 10000 in HICs. The WHO standard is one ophthalmologist needs to carry out more than 2000 cataract surgeries annually.
7.
National Health Service reported the threshold for referring a patient to cataract surgery as 6/12 for worst eye.
8.
Calvin Sze-un Fonget al., “Correction of Visual Impairment by Cataract Surgery and Improved Survival in Older Persons,” Ophthalmology120, no. 9 (2013): 1720–1727. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ophtha.2013.02.009.
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12.
The hot-cold belief system is a traditional health concept found in various cultures, particularly in Latin America, South Asia, and parts of the Middle East. It classifies foods, illnesses, and treatments as either “hot” or “cold,” based not on temperature but on their perceived effects on the body. Balance between these elements is believed to be essential for maintaining health.
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MillerRebecca L.Rogers’ Innovation Diffusion Theory (1962, 1995),” in Information Seeking Behavior and Technology Adoption, ed. Al-SugriMohammed NasserAl-AufiAli Saif (Hershey PA: IGI Global, 2015), 261–274, https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-8156-9.ch016.
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VinkJosinaet al., “Service Ecosystem Design: Propositions, Process Model, and Future Research Agenda,” Journal of Service Research24, no. 2 (2020): 168–186. https://doi.org/10.1177/1094670520952537.
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Vijaya Sunder M and Rithica Mamidi, “An Artificial Intelligence (AI)-Based Disruptive Innovation in Cataract Screening: The Case of E-Paarvai,” Harvard Business Publishing Education (2023): https://hbsp.harvard.edu/product/ISB368-PDF-ENG?Ntt=e-Paarvai.
