Invited Commentary on: “Fresh-Frozen Costal Cartilage in Rhinoplasty: A Six-Year Experience of Consecutive Cases,” by Lu et al.

Lu RJ , Zuniga DM , Enin K , et al. Fresh-Frozen Costal Cartilage in Rhinoplasty: A Six-Year Experience of Consecutive Cases. Fac Plast Surg Aesth Med.

Stewart MG , Witsell DL , Smith TL , et al. Development and validation of the Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation (NOSE) scale. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2004; 130(2):157–163.

Moubayed SP , Ioannidis J , Saltychev M , et al. The 10-item standardized cosmesis and health nasal outcomes survey (SCHNOS) for functional and cosmetic rhinoplasty. JAMA Facial Plast Surg. 2018; 20(1):37–42; doi: 10.1001/jamafacial.2017.1083

Taylor CM , Barrera JE . Surgical and patient-reported outcomes of fresh frozen homologous costal cartilage in primary, revision, and functional rhinoplasty. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2026; 157(1):28e–37e.

Rohrich RJ , Abraham J , Alleyne B , et al. Fresh frozen rib cartilage grafts in revision rhinoplasty: A 9-year experience. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2022; 150(1):58–62; doi: 10.1097/PRS.0000000000009203

Upton MK , Ortiz A , Neal E , et al. Complications in functional rhinoplasty related to cartilage graft source. Facial Plast Surg Aesthetic Med. 2025; doi: 10.1089/fpsam.2024.0277

Toriumi DM . Structure Rhinoplasty: Lessons learned in thirty years of structure rhinoplasty. Chicago. DMT Solutions. 2019.

Toriumi DM . The use of hyperbaric oxygen therapy in secondary rhinoplasty. Facial Plast Surg Clin N Am. 2026; 34(2):177–206; doi: 10.1016/j.fsc.2026.01.015

Toriumi DM . Structural Preservation Techniques in Secondary Rhinoplasty. In Structural Preservation Rhinoplasty. Eds. Toriumi DM , Kosins A , Saban Y , Cakir B , Daniel RK , Goksel A , Palhazi P , Q MP ., 2025.

Toriumi DM . Prevention and management of columellar necrosis in rhinoplasty. Facial Plast Surg and Aesthetic Med.

Gibson T , Davis WB . The distortion of autogenous cartilage grafts: Its cause and prevention. Br J Plast Surg. 1957; 10:257–274.

Taştan E , Yücel ÖT , Aydin E , et al. The oblique split method: A novel technique for carving costal cartilage grafts. JAMA Facial Plast Surg. 2013; 15(3):198–203; doi: 10.1001/jamafacial.2013.671

Jung DH , Choi S , Moon HJ , et al. A cadaveric analysis of the ideal costal cartilage graft for Asian rhinoplasty. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2004; 114(2):545–550.

Yeo H , Lee D , Paik D , et al. The ninth and tenth costal cartilages are available and safe options for rhinoplasty: A cadaveric anatomical study. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2023; 153(4):628–632.