Artificial Intelligence for Emergency Medical Service

Abstract

In this scoping review, the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and smart technologies within Emergency Medical Services (EMS) is thoroughly examined as a strategy to overcome the inherent challenges faced by EMS personnel. These challenges encompass physical strain, cognitive overload, emotional stress, and issues with trainings. The paper emphasizes the critical role AI can play in resolving physical and cognitive demands, enhancing decision-making processes, optimizing resource allocation, and improving emergency response efficiency. The review identifies and categorizes the primary obstacles within EMS operations. It proposes innovative AI-driven solutions, including the use of exoskeletons for physical support, smart glasses for augmented cognitive assistance, AI systems dedicated to monitoring and supporting emotional health, and the application of virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) for advanced and realistic training scenarios. The findings suggest that such technological advancements can significantly elevate the operational capacity of EMS, ensuring a higher level of safety and efficiency, while also fostering a supportive environment for EMS personnel and enhancing patient care. This paper contributes a novel perspective to the literature by mapping out a future where AI and smart technologies play a pivotal role in transforming emergency medical services into more effective, resilient, and human-centered operations, ultimately advancing the field towards better preparedness and response capabilities in emergency situations. The potential solutions suggested in this study can be referred to be used for future research topics.