Protecting Coastal Environment in India: Reading Laws in the Context of Climate Change

Abstract

The oceans’ role in maintaining the climate of this planet is unquestionably vital. But today, the fine balance in ocean chemistry is dangerously upset by the global warming, leading to more warmer oceans and a continuous rise in sea level across the globe. With that comes the threat to marine lives and ecosystems. India has a 7,516.6 km long coastline which is the home to many marginal poor communities who mainly survive on the ocean resources. Alongside, the adjacent marine environment contains an astounding array of biodiversity, harbouring innumerable species with ecological and commercial significance. However, Indian coastal regions are also not spared from the ill effects of climate change. The condition is frightening enough as the lives of hundreds and thousands of people living at the coast are at critical risk, along with the possibility of irreparable loss of biodiversity. India, thus far, has offered a fragmented conservation methodology for its coastal regions. The laws, regulations and policies that matter most in their current forms lack synergy and clear insight. This article tracks those ambiguities and advances a central argument that India needs to put in place an inclusive climate strategy without further eroding environmental laws that play a key role in conserving its coastal and marine environment.