MoroniAVanniniFMoscaMGianniniS. State of the art review: Techniques to avoid pin loosening and infection in external fixation. J Orthop Trauma2002;16:189–95.
2.
SimsMSalehM. External fixation—the incidence of pin site infection: A prospective audit. J Orthop Nurs2000;4:59–63.
3.
GordonJEKelly-HahnJCarpenterCJSchoeneckerPL. Pin site care during external fixation in children: Results of a nihilistic approach. J Pediatr Orthop2000;20:163–5.
4.
HutsonJJJrZychGA. Infections in periarticular fractures of the lower extremity treated with tensioned wire hybrid fixators. J Orthop Trauma1998;12:214–8.
5.
AntociVOnoCMAntociVJrRaneyEM. /1- infection during limb lengthening using external fixation. Am J Orthop (Belle Mead NJ)2008;37:E150–4.
6.
RahimniaARAbbaspourARezaeiYKhodadadiAAlizadehAMMohagheghiMA. Antibiotic-coated pins for prevention of /1- infection: A rabbit study. J Orthop Surg (Hong Kong)2013;21:213–5.
7.
MoroniAHeikkilaJMagyarGToksvig-LarsenSGianniniS. Fixation strength and pin tract infection of hydroxyapatitecoated tapered pins. Clin Orthop Relat Res2001;388:209–17.