Abstract
Purpose.
To assess treatment outcomes in adults with neglected femoral neck fractures, and propose a treatment protocol based on bone quality measured by the Singh index.
Methods.
16 men and 6 women aged 18 to 48 (mean, 33) years presented with neglected (>3 weeks old) femoral neck fractures. Those with good bone quality (Singh index, >3) underwent closed reduction and valgus osteotomy and fixation with 120° double angle blade plates (group 1, n=8), whereas those with poor bone quality (Singh index, <3) and/or communition of the posterior femoral neck underwent fibular grafting and internal fixation with one or two 7-mm cannulated cancellous screws (group 2, n=14). Functional outcome was assessed at the 6-month follow-up, according to modified Askin and Bryan criteria.
Results.
The mean delay in surgery was 12 (range, 4–21) weeks. Patients were followed up for a mean of 19 (range, 12–24) months. The mean time to union was 20 (range, 12–52) weeks. The mean time to full weight bearing was 18 (range, 12–40) weeks. All patients achieved bone union except one in group 1 who had non-union and breakage of the blade plate at week 20 and underwent total hip arthroplasty. Other complications included slippage of fibular graft (n=1), delayed union (n=1), avascular necrosis of the femoral head (n=2, Fig. 6), limb length discrepancy (n=3), and superficial infection (n=1). Functional outcome was excellent in 2 patients, good in 17, and poor in 3.
Conclusion.
Valgus osteotomy and double angle blade plate fixation, and fibular grafting and cancellous screw fixation appeared to be appropriate treatments for neglected femoral neck fractures in adults.