Bilateral femoral nerve compression neuropathy caused by primary iliopsoas muscle pathology is rare. We report a case of extensive compartment syndrome of the right arm and both legs associated with bilateral femoral nerve palsy resulting from severe muscle swelling secondary to influenza A infection. Our objective is to alert physicians to the possible development of compartment syndrome in patients with influenza and severe myalgia. We also reviewed the literature on the pathophysiology and management of femoral nerve compression neuropathy.
SwaringenJCSeilerJG3rdBruceRWJr. Influenza A induced rhabdomyolysis resulting in extensive compartment syndrome. Clin Orthop Relat Res2000;375:243–9.
2.
MarinellaMA. Exertional rhabdomyolysis after recent coxsackie B virus infection. South Med J1998;91:1057–9.
3.
PalettaCELynchRKnutsenAP. Rhabdomyolysis and lower extremity compartment syndrome due to influenza B virus. Ann Plast Surg1993;30:272–3.
4.
TamaiKKuramochiTSakaiHIwamiNSaotomeK. Complete paralysis of the quadriceps muscle caused by traumatic iliacus hematoma: A case report. J Orthop Sci2002;7:713–6.
5.
PirouzmandFMidhaR. Subacute femoral compressive neuropathy from iliacus compartment hematoma. Can J Neurol Sci2001;28:155–8.
6.
KumarSAnanthamJWanZ. Posttraumatic hematoma of iliacus muscle with paralysis of the femoral nerve. J Orthop Trauma1992;6:110–2.
7.
NiakanECarboneJEAdamsMSchroederFM. Anticoagulants, iliopsoas hematoma and femoral nerve compression. Am Fam Physician1991;44:2100–2.
8.
KingRBBechtoldDL. Warfarin-induced iliopsoas hemorrhage with subsequent femoral nerve palsy. Ann Emerg Med1985;14:362–4.
9.
ReinsteinLAlevizatosACTwardzikFGDeMarcoSJ3rd. Femoral nerve dysfunction after retroperitoneal hemorrhage: Pathophysiology revealed by computed tomography. Arch Phys Med Rehabil1984;65:37–40.
10.
GalzioRLucantoniDZenobiiMCristuib-GrizziLGadaletaACaffagniE. Femoral neuropathy caused by iliacus hematoma. Surg Neurol1983;20:254–7.
11.
MastroianniPPRobertsMP. Femoral neuropathy and retroperitoneal hemorrhage. Neurosurgery1983;13:44–7.
SternMBSpiegelP. Femoral neuropathy as a complication of heparin anticoagulation therapy. Clin Orthop Relat Res1975;106:140–2.
14.
AuneSTrippestadA. Chronic contained rupture of an abdominal aortic aneurysm complicated by infection and femoral neuropathy. Case report. Eur J Surg1995;161:613–4.
15.
JolyJPCapronJPMorcampDFroissartMBoveN. Femoral neuralgia revealing rupture of an aneurysm of the abdominal aorta [in French]. Nouv Presse Med1976;5:2254.
16.
FilgueiraArgibay ABNoiaMaure BDominguezLamas PMartinez-VazquezC. Retroperitoneal hematoma with femoral neuropathy, conservative or surgical approach [in Spanish]?An Med Interna2006;23:199.
17.
ParmerSSCarpenterJPFairmanRMVelazquezOCMitchellME. Femoral neuropathy following retroperitoneal hemorrhage: Case series and review of the literature. Ann Vasc Surg2006;20:536–40.
18.
KounisNGMacauleyMBGhorbalMS. Iliacus hematoma syndrome. Can Med Assoc J1975;112:872–3.
19.
SimeoneJFRobinsonFRothmanSLJaffeCC. Computerized tomographic demonstration of a retroperitoneal hematoma causing femoral neuropathy. Report of two cases. J Neurosurg1977;47:946–8.
20.
MastroianniPPRobertsMP. Femoral neuropathy and retroperitoneal hemorrhage. Neurosurgery1983;13:44–7.
21.
ButterfieldWCNeviaserRJRobertsMP. Femoral neuropathy and anticoagulants. Ann Surg1972;176:58–61.
22.
EmerySOchoaJ. Lumbar plexus neuropathy resulting from retroperitoneal hemorrhage. Muscle Nerve1978;1:330–4.
23.
MilleretPCombeJdes FlorisRLDupondJL. Hematoma of the iliacus muscle with femoral palsy. Int Surg1975;60:359–61.
24.
MastroianniPPRobertsMP. Femoral neuropathy and retroperitoneal hemorrhage. Neurosurgery1983;13:44–7.
25.
ChiuWS. The syndrome of retroperitoneal hemorrhage and lumbar plexus neuropathy during anticoagulant therapy. South Med J1976;69:595–9.
26.
GoodfellowJFearnCBMatthewsJM. Iliacus haematoma. A common complication of haemophilia. J Bone Joint Surg Br1967;49:748–56.
27.
SternMBSpiegelP. Femoral neuropathy as a complication of heparin anticoagulation therapy. Clin Orthop Relat Res1975;106:140–2.
28.
MerrickHWZeissJWoldenbergLS. Percutaneous decompression for femoral neuropathy secondary to heparin-induced retroperitoneal hematoma: Case report and review of the literature. Am Surg1991;57:706–11.
29.
BrowerTDWildeAH. Femoral neuropathy in hemophilia. J Bone Joint Surg Am1966;48:487–92.
30.
NobelWMarksSCJrKubikS. The anatomical basis for femoral nerve palsy following iliacus hematoma. J Neurosurg1980;52:533–40.
31.
LangeLS. Lower limb palsies with hypoprothrombinaemia. Br Med J1966;2:93–4.
32.
MastroianniPPRobertsMP. Femoral neuropathy and retroperitoneal hemorrhage. Neurosurgery1983;13:44–7.
33.
RajashekharRPHerbisonGJ. Lumbosacral plexopathy caused by retroperitoneal hemorrhage, report of two cases. Arch Phys Med Rehabil1974;55:91–3.
