Agrarian studies in Africa today is taking place in the context of an aggressive
plunder of resources by national and foreign companies and of other processes of
primitive accumulation shaped by the global crisis of capital. This article
analyses ongoing gender and class struggles over agricultural commercialization
in Tanzania. The article is a tribute to Sam Moyo, whose rigorous scholarship
and committed activism was an inspiration for this author, as for many other
scholar activists involved in agrarian issues. The analysis here is shaped by
transformative feminist analysis/action, which uses gender, class and race
analysis intersecting with other social relations, such as age, to understand
the changing agrarian political economy and to challenge patriarchy and
neoliberal globalization.
ChachageC., &
BahaB. (2011)
Accumulation by land dispossession and labour devaluation in
Tanzania: The case of biofuel and forest investments in Kilwa and
Kilolo. Dar es Salaam:
LARRI (Land Rights Research & Resources
Institute).
2.
ChungB. Y.
(2017). Engendering the land grab: Development,
involuntary resettlement and the struggles for social reproduction in
coastal Tanzania. Development and Change,
48(1),
98–120.
3.
DancerH., &
SulleE. (2015).
Gender implications of agricultural commercialisation: The case of
sugarcane production in Kilombero district, Tanzania
(Working Paper No. 118).
Brighton: Future Agricultures
Consortium, PLAAS.
4.
DancerH., &
TsikataD. (2015).
Researching land and commercial agriculture in Sub-Saharan Africa
with a gender perspective: Concepts, issues and methods
(Working Paper No. 32).
Brighton: Future Agriculture
Consortium, PLAAS.
5.
GrecoE. (2015).
Local politics of land and the restructuring of rice farming areas:
A comparative study of Tanzania and Uganda (LCSV Working
Paper Series No. 12). Manchester:
The Leverhulme Centre for the Study of Value, School of
Environment, Education and Development;
University of Manchester. Presented to
Nyerere Resource Seminar on 17th August 2015.
6.
GrownC., GuptaG. R., &
KesA. (2005).
Taking action: Achieving gender equality and empowering
women. London:
Earthscan.
7.
KabeerN. (2001).
The power to choose: Bangladesh women and labour market decisions in
London and Dhaka. London:
Verso Books.
8.
MbilinyiM. (1997).
Women workers and self-employed in the rural sector
(Report to ILO/Geneva).
Geneva:
Mimeo.
9.
MbilinyiM. (2010).
Sweet and sour: Women working for wages on Tanzania’s sugar
estates. In BrycesonDeborah F. (Ed.),
How Africa works: Occupational change, identity and
morality (pp. 165–184).
Rugby: Practical
Action.
10.
MbilinyiM. (2012).
Struggles over land and livelihoods in African agriculture
development. Gender and Economic Justice,
55(3),
390–392.
11.
MbilinyiM. (2015).
Transformative feminism in Tanzania: Animation and grassroots
women’s struggles for land and livelihoods. In RawwidaBaksh &
WendyHarcourt (Eds),
Oxford handbook of transnational feminist movements: Knowledge,
power and social change (pp.
507–527). New York:
Oxford University Press.
12.
MbilinyiM. (2016).
Analyzing the history of agrarian struggles in Tanzania from
a feminist perspective. Review of African Political
Economy, 43(S1),
115–129.
13.
MbilinyiM., MutembeiK. B., &
NsemwaM. (2015).
Gender analysis of Irish aid value chain projects in Tanzania, Dar
es Salaam. Unpublished Report Prepared for Irish Aid on
Behalf of EKAMA Development Foundation.
14.
MbilinyiM., &
NgowiH. P.
(2016). Gender equality and women, empowerment (GEWE):
Analysis of the annual development plan (2016/17), the national five year
development plan (2016/17–2020/21) and the 2016/17 Budget.
Dar es Salaam: TGNP
Mtandao.
15.
MbilinyiM., &
ShechamboG. (2015).
Experiences in transformative feminist movement building at
the grassroots level in Tanzania. In AmpofoAkosua Adomako,
RodriguezCheryl R. &
TsikataDzodzi (Eds),
Transatlantic feminisms: Women and gender studies in Africa and the
African diaspora. Lanham:
Lexington.
16.
OsorioM., PercicM., & Di
BattistaF. (2014).
Gender inequalities in rural employment in Tanzania Mainland: An
Overview. Rome:
FAO.
17.
PatnaikU., &
MoyoS. (2011).
The agrarian question in the neoliberal era: Primitive accumulation
and the peasantry. Dakar:
Pambazuka Press.
18.
SulleE., &
HallR. (2013).
Reframing the new alliance agenda: A critical assessment based on
insights from Tanzania (Policy Brief No. 56).
Brighton: Future Agricultures
and PLAAS.
19.
Tanzania Gender Networking Programme
(TGNP Mtandao). (2010). Kilimo Kwanza: What is
it and what does it mean for marginalized women and men of
Tanzania? (TGNP Policy Brief No. 2).
Dar es Salaam: TGNP
Mtandao.
20.
Tanzania Gender Networking Programme
(TGNP Mtandao). (2011). Mapambano ya
wanawake wa Kisarawe dhidi ya Mfumo Dume na Utandawazi.
Report Prepared by Atuwene Mbelle. Dar es
Salaam: TGNP
Mtandao.
21.
Tanzania Gender Networking Programme
(TGNP Mtandao). (2012a). Land, employment and
livelihoods under neoliberalism: A contextual analysis.
Report prepared by Ng’wanza Kamata. Dar es
Salaam: TGNP
Mtandao.
22.
Tanzania Gender Networking Programme
(TGNP Mtandao). (2012b). The care economy in
Tanzania Dar es Salaam. Prepared by Debbie Budlender, Based
on a Series of Reports Prepared by Debbie Budlender and Meena, Ruth for
UNRISD in Support of the Comparative Study of the Care Economy.
Dar es alaam: TGNP
Mtandao.
23.
Tanzania Gender Networking Programme
(TGNP Mtandao) (2013). Gender, inequality and
neoliberalism: Policy challenges in Tanzania. TGNP Context
Report Prepared by Maia Green. Dar es
Salaam: TGNP
Mtandao.
24.
ThompsonC. B.
(2012). Alliance for a Green Revolution in
Africa (AGRA): Advancing the theft of African genetic
wealth. Review of African Political Economy,
39(132),
345–350.
25.
TibaijukaA. (2012,
November27). SAGCOT Investment partnership program:
initiatives to ensure full community involvement and environmental
safeguards while putting underutilised land to productive
use. Presentation by Hon Minister for Lands,
Housing & Human Settlements Development to the Tanzania Agribusiness
Investment Showcase Event.
26.
TsikataD. (2009).
Gender, land and labour relations and livelihoods in
Sub-Saharan Africa in the era of economic liberalisation: Towards a research
agenda, Feminist Africa,
12, 11–30.
27.
TsikataDzodzi.
(2011, September, 13).
African feminism and popular struggles for land, labour and
livelihoods. Keynote Address at the Tenth Tanzania
Gender Festival 2011 under the theme, Gender, Democracy and Development:
Land, Labour and Livelihoods;
Dar es Salaam.
28.
TsikataD., &
Amanor-WilksD. E.
(2009). Special issue on land and labour in
gendered livelihood trajectories. Feminist
Africa, 12,
1–9.
