Abstract
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in college students frequently co-occurs with depression, however, research has yet to explore how self-esteem is related to this association. This cross-sectional study examined self-esteem as a moderator of the relation between self-reported ADHD and depressive symptom severities in 2182 US college students (69% female; 68% White). To ensure intersectionality and sociocultural context and to identify subgroups that might benefit from tailored intervention, the influence of select psychosocial factors on the relation between self-reported ADHD symptoms and self-esteem was also examined. Results revealed that self-esteem moderated the association between ADHD and depression symptoms. While no psychosocial factors amplified the relation between ADHD symptoms and self-esteem, there were differences in self-esteem by biological sex, sexual-gender-minority (SGM) status, and perceived social support. Findings underscore the importance of interventions designed to improve self-esteem in individuals with ADHD, and for students who identify as female or SGM, or lack social support.
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