The Theory of Emerging Adulthood in Latin America: A Scoping Review

Abstract

The existence of a new distinctive stage in the human life cycle, known as “Emerging Adulthood (EA),” is a subject of great discussion and research. The emergence of this stage is attributed to sociodemographic transformations in recent decades, resulting in the prolongation of the acquisition of adult roles, especially in high-income countries. The relevance of the theory of EA in middle- and low-income countries is less clear. The main objective was to analyze the studies conducted to date on the theory of EA in Latin America. Results showed that most of the publications are quantitative and revealed that Brazil, Chile, Argentina and Mexico are the countries that most publications. The most studied topics are identity and developmental transition. Pending challenges include involving more Latin American countries, increasing collaborations, establishing connections with public policies, and incorporating a critical perspective in the conceptualization of the theory of EA in Latin America.

Keywords

emerging adulthood Latin American youth transition to adulthood stages of development youth

Get full access to this article

View all access options for this article.

References

* Abubakar

van de Vijver

Alonso-Arbiol

Adams

Aldhafri

Aydinli-Karakulak

Arasa

Boer

Celenk

Dimitrova

Ferreira

M. C.

Fischer

Mbebeb

F. E.

Frías

M. T.

Fresno

Gillath

Harb

Handani

Tair

(2016). Measurement invariance of the brief multidimensional student's life satisfaction scale among adolescents and emerging adults across 23 cultural contexts. Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment, 34(1), 28–38. https://doi.org/10.1177/0734282915611284

* Aisenson

Legaspi

Czerniuk

Valenzuela

Miguelez

V. V.

Virgili

(2020). Decent work: Representations and prospects of work among vulnerable young Argentine workers. Emerging Adulthood, 10(1), 42–53. https://doi.org/10.1177/2167696820967231

* Alvarez-Alvarez

de la Vega-Marcos

Jiménez-Castuera

Leyton-Román

(2021). Psychometric properties of the healthy lifestyle questionnaire for Ecuadorian university students (EVS-EUE). International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(3), 1087. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18031087

Arksey

O'Malley

(2005). Scoping studies: Towards a methodological framework. International Journal of Social Research Methodology, 8(1), 19–32. https://doi.org/10.1080/1364557032000119616

Arnett

J. J.

(1994). Are college students adults? Their conceptions of the transition to adulthood. Journal of Adult Development, 1(4), 213–224. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02277582

Arnett

J. J.

(2000). Emerging adulthood: A theory of development from the late teens through the twenties. American Psychologist, 55(5), 469–480. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066x.55.5.469

Arnett

J. J.

(2001). Conceptions of the transition to adulthood: Perspectives from adolescence through midlife. Journal of Adult Development, 8(2), 133–143. https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1026450103225

Arnett

J. J.

(2004). Emerging adulthood: The winding road from the late teens through the twenties. Oxford University Press.

Arnett

J. J.

(2007). Emerging adulthood: What is it, and what is it good for? Child Development Perspectives, 1(2), 68–73. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1750-8606.2007.00016.x

10.

Arnett

J. J.

(2008). Adolescence and emerging adulthood: A cultural approach. Pearson.

11.

Arnett

J. J.

(2013). The evidence for generation we and against generation me. Emerging Adulthood, 1(1), 5–10. https://doi.org/10.1177/2167696812466842

12.

Arnett

J. J.

(2014). Presidential address: The emergence of emerging adulthood: A personal history. Emerging Adulthood, 2(3), 155–162. https://doi.org/10.1177/2167696814541096

13.

Arnett

J. J.

(2015). Does emerging adulthood theory apply across social classes? National data on a persistent question. Emerging Adulthood, 4(4), 227–235. https://doi.org/10.1177/2167696815613000

14.

Arnett

J. J.

(2016). College students as emerging adults: The developmental implications of the college context. Emerging Adulthood, 4(3), 219–222. https://doi.org/10.1177/2167696815587422

15.

Arnett

J. J.

(2017). Well-being of youth and emerging adults across cultures novel approaches and findings from Europe, Asia, Africa and America foreword (Vol. 12). Springer. https://wos.000431880400001.

16.

Arnett

J. J.

Mitra

(2018). Are the features of emerging adulthood developmentally distinctive? A comparison of ages 18-60 in the United States. Emerging Adulthood, 8(5), 412–419. https://doi.org/10.1177/2167696818810073

17.

* Ashdown

B. K.

Faherty

A. N.

Brown

C. M.

Hanno

Belden

Weeks

P. B.

(2018). Fathers and perceptions of God play an important role in psychological adjustment among emerging adults in Guatemala and the United States. The Journal of Genetic Psychology, 179(5), 270–285. https://doi.org/10.1080/00221325.2018.1502148

18.

Azambuja Farias

*de

de Azevedo Cardoso

Campos Mondin

Dias de Mattos Souza

Silva

R. A. d.

Kapczinski

Jansen

Magalhães

P. V. S.

Magalhães

P. V.

(2021). Early illness progression in mood disorders: A population-based longitudinal study. Psychiatry Research, 306(2021), Article 114225. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2021.114225

19.

* Bailey

Cruz

M. L. S.

Songtaweesin

W. N.

Puthanakit

(2017). Adolescents with HIV and transition to adult care in the Caribbean, Central America and South America, Eastern Europe and Asia and Pacific regions. Journal of the International AIDS Society, 20(Suppl 3), Article 21475. https://doi.org/10.7448/ias.20.4.21475

20.

Barrera-Herrera

Vinet

E. V.

(2017). Emerging adulthood and cultural characteristics of the stage in Chilean university students. Terapia Psicologica, 35(1), 47–56. https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-48082017000100005

21.

* Barrera-Herrera

Baeza-Rivera

M. J.

Escandón-Nagel

Constanzo

Escobar

(2022). Crisis social chilena y salud mental: una mirada desde el ciclo vital. Revista De Psicología, 40(1), 241–263. https://doi.org/10.18800/psico.202201.008

22.

* Barrera-Herrera

Neira-Cofré

Raipán-Gómez

Riquelme-Lobos

Escobar

(2019). Perceived social support and sociodemographic factors in relation to anxiety, depression and stress symptoms in Chilean university students. Journal of Psychopathology and Clinical Psychology, 24(2), Article 23676. https://doi.10.5944/rppc.23676

23.

* Barrera-Herrera

San Martín

(2021). Prevalence of mental health symptomatology and health habits in a sample of Chilean university students. Psykhe, 30(1), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.7764/psykhe.2019.21813

24.

* Barrera-Herrera

Vinet

Ortiz

(2020). Assessment of emerging adulthood in Chile: Validation of the IDEA-extended in Chilean university students. Terapia Psicologica, 38(1), 47–61. https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-48082020000100047

25.

* Benjet

Borges

Méndez

Albor

Casanova

Orozco

Curiel

Fleiz

Medina-Mora

M. E.

(2016). Eight-year incidence of psychiatric disorders and service use from adolescence to early adulthood: Longitudinal follow-up of the Mexican adolescent mental health survey. European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 25(2), 163–173. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-015-0721-5

26.

* Blandón-Hincapié

A. I.

López-Serna

L. M.

(2016). Understandings about couples today: Young people in search of stability. Revista Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales, Niñez y Juventud, 14(1), 505–517. https://doi.org/10.11600/1692715x.14134271014

27.

*Bobowik

Basabe

Wlodarczyk

(2017). Only real when shared: Social well-being, collective efficacy, and social networks among immigrant emerging adults in Spain. In Well being of youth and emerging adults across cultures: Novel approaches and findings from Europe, Asia. In Africa and America (pp. 157–171). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-68363-8_11

28.

* Brandão

Saraiva

Matos

P. M.

(2012). O prolongamento da transição para a idade adulta e o conceito de adultez emergente: Especificidades do contexto português e brasileiro. Análise Psicológica, 30(3), 301–313. https://doi.org/10.14417/ap.568

29.

*Burrows

Correa Burrows

M. P.

Guichapani

C. G.

Blanco

Gahagan

(2016). Bone mass gain from adolescence to emerging adulthood in Chile an birth cohort: Association with nutritional, biological and environmental factors. Hormone Research in Paediatrics, 86(2), 19–19. https://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/145960.

30.

*Burrows

Correa Burrows

M. P.

Guichapani

C. G.

Blanco

Gahagan

(2017). Clustered cardiometabolic risk from adolescence to emerging adulthood in chile an infancy cohort: The role of insulin resistance. Hormone Research in Paediatrics, 88(1), 321–322. https://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/149425.

31.

* Burrows

Correa-Burrows

Bunout

Barrera

Rogan

Kim

Blanco

Gahagan

(2020). Obesity and impairment of pancreatic β-cell function in early adulthood, independent of obesity age of onset: The Santiago Longitudinal Study. Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews, 37(2), Article e3371. https://doi.org/10.1002/dmrr.3371

32.

Bynner

(2005). Rethinking the youth phase of the life-course: The case for emerging adulthood? Journal of Youth Studies, 8(4), 367–384. https://doi.org/10.1080/13676260500431628

33.

* Campo-Arias

Tirado-Otálvaro

A. F.

Álvarez-Solorza

Cassiani-Miranda

C. A.

(2021). Confirmatory factor analysis, internal consistency, gender differential item functioning and discriminant validity of the Fear of COVID-5 Scale amidst emerging adult university students in Mexico. OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying, 87(1), 4–19. https://doi.org/10.1177/00302228211016216

34.

* Cadichon

J. M.

Lignier

Derivois

(2022). Specificities of identity status in adolescents and emerging adults survivors of 2010 Haiti earthquake. Current Psychology, 42(16), 13812–13824. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-021-02584-9

35.

Calzada

E. J.

Huang

K.-Y.

Anicama

Fernandez

Brotman

L. M.

(2012). Test of a cultural framework of parenting with Latino families of young children. Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology, 18(3), 285–296. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0028694

36.

* Campo-Arias

Pedrozo-Pupo

J. C.

(2021). Attitude towards COVID-19 vaccines in Colombian university students: Frequency and associated variables. Acta BioMedica: Atenei Parmensis, 92(6), Article 11533. https://doi.org/10.23750/abm.v92i6.11533

37.

Campos

Schetter

C. D.

Abdou

C. M.

Hobel

C. J.

Glynn

L. M.

Sandman

C. A.

(2008). Familialism, social support, and stress: Positive implications for pregnant Latinas. Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology, 14(2), 155–162. https://doi.org/10.1037/1099-9809.14.2.155

38.

* Campos-Uscanga

Lagunes Córdoba

Morales-Romero

Romo-González

(2016). Design and validation of a physical activity self-regulation scale. Journal of Sport Psychology, 25(2), 0309–0316. https://archives.rpd-online.com/article/download/v25-n2-campos-uscanga-lagunes-etal/1695-7742-1-PB.pdf

39.

* Cano

M. Á.

Marsiglia

F. F.

Meca

De La Rosa

Ramírez-Ortiz

Sánchez

Colón Burgos

J. F.

Alamilla

S. G.

Wuyke

Parras

Ali

S. Z.

Forney

D. J.

Varas-Rodríguez

Ruvalcaba

Contreras

Ahmed

Vega-Luna

Ochoa

L. G.

Cuadra

Domínguez García

M. J.

(2021). Psychosocial stress, bicultural identity integration, and bicultural self-efficacy among Hispanic emerging adults. Stress and Health, 37(2), 392–398. https://doi.org/10.1002/smi.2993

40.

* Cano-Gonzalez

Charak

Gilbar

Viñas-Racionero

Strait

M. K.

(2020). Witnessing parental violence and cyber IPV perpetration in Hispanic emerging adults: The mediating role of attitudes toward IPV. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 37(9-10), NP8115–NP8137. https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260520975834

41.

Cardozo

González

A. S.

(2020). Labor trajectories of women from popular sectors in transition to adulthood. Ciencias Psicológicas, 14(2), 2210. https://doi.org/10.22235/cp.v14i2.2210

42.

Carneiro

V. T.

Sampaio

S. M. R.

(2015). Adultez emergente: Umfenômeno normativo? Revista Saúde &Ciência Online, 4(1), 32–40. https://doi.org/10.35572/rsc.v4i1.218

43.

CEPALSTAT

(2022). Bases de Datos y Publicaciones Estadística. CEPAL—Naciones Unidas. https://statistics.cepal.org/portal/cepalstat/index.html?lang=es

44.

* Chapin

L. A.

(2019). Longitudinal predictors for Mexican Americans' high school and college graduation: Individual and eco developmental factors. Journal of Latinos and Education, 20(2), 161–216. https://doi.org/10.1080/15348431.2019.1588733

45.

* Cohen-Scali

Masdonati

Disquay-Perot

Ribeiro

M. A.

Vilhjálmsdóttir

Zein

Kaplan Bucciarelli

Moumoula

I. A.

Aisenson

Rossier

(2020). Emerging adults' representations of work: A qualitative research in seven countries. Emerging Adulthood, 10(1), 54–67. https://doi.org/10.1177/2167696820963598

46.

Côté

Bynner

J. M.

(2008). Changes in the transition to adulthood in the UK and Canada: The role of structure and agency in emerging adulthood. Journal of Youth Studies, 11(3), 251–268. https://doi.org/10.1080/13676260801946464

47.

Côté

J. E.

(2006). Emerging adulthood as an institutionalized moratorium: Risks and benefits of identity formation. In Arnett

J. J. J.

Tanner

J. L.

(Eds.), Emerging adults in America: Coming of age in the 21st century (pp. 85–116). American Psychological Association. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/11381-004

48.

Cova

(2022). Critical introduction to topics of Psychopathology. Editorial UDEC, Concepción, Chile.

49.

Crocetti

Tagliabue

Sugimura

Nelson

L. J.

Takahashi

Niwa

Sugiura

Jinno

(2015). Perceptions of emerging adulthood: A study with Italian and Japanese university students and young workers. Emerging Adulthood, 3(4), 229–243. https://doi.org/10.1177/2167696815569848

50.

de la Fuente

Sánchez-Queija

Parra

(2022). A longitudinal study on the stability and predictors of flourishing among emerging adults. Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science, 55(3), 210–219. https://doi.org/10.1037/cbs0000327

51.

* de la Torre-Luque

Borges

Benjet

Orozco

Medina-Mora

M. E.

Ayuso-Mateos

J. L.

(2022). Diagnostic profiles in adolescence and emerging adulthood: Transition patterns and risk factors. Journal of Psychiatry and Mental Health, 16(1), 42–50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rpsm.2022.01.002

52.

*de Souza

A. P.

Murgo

C. S.

(2022). Brazilian emerging adults: Scoping review. In Trends in Psychology, (pp. 1–37). https://doi.org/10.1007/s43076-022-00164-9

53.

*Dimitrova

del Carmen Domínguez Espinosa

(2017). Relationships between religiousness and life satisfaction among emerging adults in Mexico and Nicaragua. In WellBeing of youth and emerging adults across cultures: Novel approaches and findings from Europe, Asia, Africa and America (12, pp. 225–234). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-68363-8_15

54.

* Duclos-Bastías

Giakoni-Ramírez

Martínez-Cevallos

(2022). Physical self-concept and physical activity levels in university students during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cluster analysis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(5), 2850. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19052850

55.

* Dutra-Thomé

Koller

S. H.

(2017). Brazilian version of the inventory of the dimensions of emerging adulthood: Investigating the current transition to adulthood. Trends in Psychology, 25(3), 901–912. https://doi.org/10.9788/tp2017.3-01

56.

* Dutra-Thomé

DeSousa

Koller

S. H.

(2019a, April). Promotive and risk factors for positive youth development among emerging adults in Brazil. Child and Youth Care Forum, 48(2), 171–185. Springer US. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10566-018-9475-9

57.

* Dutra-Thomé

Koller

S. H.

(2014). Emerging adulthood in Brazilians of differing socioeconomic status: Transition to adulthood. Paideia, 24(59), 313–322. https://doi.org/10.1590/1982-43272459201405

58.

* Dutra-Thomé

Koller

S. H.

(2019). Emerging adulthood features in Brazilians from differing socioeconomic status. Acta de Investigación Psicológica, 9(3), 56–66. https://doi.org/10.22201/fpsi.20074719e.2019.3.322

59.

* Dutra-Thomé

Koller

S. H.

McWhirter

E. H.

McWhirter

(2015). Application of the future expectation scale for adolescents (FESA) in Brazil. Psicologia: Reflexão e Crítica, 28(2), 331–339. https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-7153.201528213

60.

* Dutra-Thome

Leme

V. R.

Pereira

A. S.

Paiva

I. L.

Dias

A. C. G.

Gaiao

E. S.

Koller

S. H.

(2017). Protective and Risk Factors during the Transition to Adulthood in the Five Brazilian Regions/Fatores protectivos e de risco natransicao para a vida adulta nas cinco regioes brasileiras/Factores de proteccion e de riesgo en la transicion para la vida adulta en cinco regiones brasileras. Advances in Latin American Psychology, 35(3), 485–500. https://doi.org/10.12804/revistas.urosario.edu.co/apl/a.4525

61.

* Dutra-Thomé

Marques

L. F.

Seidl-de-Moura

M. L.

De Oliveira Ramos

Koller

(2019b). Autonomy development: Gender and age differences from adolescence to emerging adulthood. Acta de Investigación Psicológica, 9(2), 14–24. https://doi.org/10.22201/fpsi.20074719e.2019.2.259

62.

* Dutra-Thomé

Pereira

A. S.

(2017). Emerging adulthood in Brazil: Socioeconomic influences and methodological issues in the study of young adults. In Dell'Aglio

D. D.

Koller

S. H.

(Eds.), Vulnerable children and youth in Brazil: Innovative approaches from the psychology of social development (pp. 141–153). Springer International Publishing/Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-65033-3_10

63.

* Eid

A. P.

Weber

J. L. A.

Pizzinato

(2015). Maternity and life plans among young people infected with HIV by vertical transmission. Revista Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales, Niñez y Juventud, 13(2), 937–950. https://doi.org/10.11600/1692715x.13227100214

64.

* Escandon-Nagel

Apablaza-Salazar

Novoa-Seguel

Osorio-Troncoso

Barrera-Herrera

(2021b). Predictive factors associated with risk eating behaviors in Chilean college students. NutrClínDietHosp, 41(2), 45–52. https://doi.org/10.12873/412barrera

65.

Escandón-Nagel

Garrido-Rubilar

Hernández-Oyarce

Muñoz-Pérez

(2021a). Obsession with thinness and muscularity in women, a cross-cultural study: Comparison between Chile and Spain. Revista Chilena de Nutricion, 48(5), 669–677. https://doi.org/10.4067/s0717-75182021000500669

66.

*Escobar

Manuel

Roberto.

(2009). Jóvenes: cuerpos significados, sujetos estudiados. Nómadas, (30), 104–117. http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0121-75502009000100009&lng=en&tlng=.

67.

*Espejo

Martín-Carbonell

Checa

Paternina

Fernández-Daza

Higuita

J. D.

Albarracín

Cerquera

(2022). Psychometric properties of the diener satisfaction with life scale with five response options applied to the colombian population. Frontiers in Public Health, 9(2021), Article 767534. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2021.767534

68.

* Facio

Micocci

(2003). Emerging adulthood in Argentina. New Directions for Child and Adolescent Development, 2003(100), 21–31. https://doi.org/10.1002/cd.72

69.

*Facio

Micocci

Boggia

Rasch

(2009). Relationship with parents and global selfesteem trajectories from adolescence to emerging adulthood. Investing Psychology, 46(3), 35–45. https://www.psi.uba.ar/docentes.php?var=publicaciones/investigaciones/indice/resumen.php&id=327&anio=14&vol=3.

70.

*Facio

Prestofelippo

M. E.

Sireix

M. C.

(2017). Positive development in Latin American emerging adults. In Flourishing in emerging adulthood: Positive development during the third decade of life, 449–461, Oxford. https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190260637.003.0041

71.

* Facio

Resett

(2014). Work, romantic relationships, and life satisfaction in Argentinean emerging adults. Emerging Adulthood, 2(1), 27–35. https://doi.org/10.1177/2167696813515854

72.

*Facio

Resett

Micocci

(2010). Living alone or still in the nest? Some correlates and psychosocial antecedents of residential status in emerging adulthood. In II Congreso Internacional de Investigación y Práctica Profesional en Psicología XVII Jornadas de Investigación Sexto Encuentro de Investigadores en Psicología del MERCOSUR. Faculty of Psychology-University of Buenos Aires.

73.

*Facio

Resett

Micocci

(2015). PID 3126 emerging adulthood in Argentina. Science, Teaching and Technology Supplement, 5(5), 99–104. https://pcient.uner.edu.ar/index.php/Scdyt/article/download/152/77.

74.

* Facio

Resett

Micocci

Mistrorigo

(2007). Emerging adulthood in Argentina: An age of diversity and possibilities. Child Development Perspectives, 1(2), 115–118. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1750-8606.2007.00025.x

75.

*Facio

Resett

Micocci

Rasch

Iglesia

(2012). Love relationships in early emerging adulthood. Some antecedents and correlates of partner satisfaction. Research in Psychology, 17(2), 49–62. http://hdl.handle.net/11336/98484.

76.

* Faggiani

de Macedo Lisboa

C. S.

(2017). The process of acculturation and transition for adulthood in young Brazilian soccer players in a digital age. In Identity, sexuality, and relationships among emerging adults in the digital age (pp. 27–39). IGI Global. https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-1856-3.ch003

77.

Farmer

R. F.

Seeley

J. R.

Kosty

D. B.

Gau

J. M.

Duncan

S. C.

Lynskey

M. T.

Lewinsohn

P. M.

(2015). Internalizing and externalizing psychopathology as predictors of cannabis use disorder onset during adolescence and early adulthood. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, 29(3), 541–551. https://doi.org/10.1037/adb0000059

78.

* Felinto

T. M.

Gauer

Rocha

G. B.

Braun

K. C. R.

Dias

A. C. G.

(2020). Eventos de vida e Construção da Identidade na Adultez Emergente. Estudos e PesquisasemPsicologia, 20(2), 500–518. https://doi.org/10.12957/epp.2020.52582

79.

* Ferguson

G. M.

Boer

Fischer

Hanke

Ferreira

M. C.

Gouveia

V. V.

Tekman

H. G.

Chang

Pilati

Bond

M. H.

Adams

B. G.

de Garay Hernández

González Atilano

M. L.

Moreno García

L. I.

Clobert

Prade

Saroglou

Zenger

(2016). “Get up, stand up, stand up for your rights!” the Jamaicanization of youth across 11 countries through reggae music? Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 47(4), 581–604. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022022116632910

80.

*Fermani

Bongelli

del Moral Arroyo

Matuszak

Muzi

Pereyra Cardini

C. A.

Riccioni

(2020). The achievement of educational identity in adolescents and emerging adults adopted in Argentina and in Italy. Spaces, 41(6), 1–7. https://u-pad.unimc.it/retrieve/de3e5027-81e9-83cd-e053-3a05fe0a1d44/FERMANI_espaciosidentityadoption_2020.pdf.

81.

* Fierro Arias

Moreno Hernández

(2007). Emerging adulthood in Mexican and Spanish youth: Theories and realities. Journal of Adolescent Research, 22(5), 476–503. https://doi.org/10.1177/0743558407305774

82.

* Gage

A. J.

Suzuki

(2006). Risk factors for alcohol use among male adolescents and emerging adults in Haiti. Journal of Adolescence, 29(2), 241–260. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2005.05.001

83.

* Galambos

N. L.

Martínez

M. L.

(2007). Poised for emerging adulthood in Latin America: A pleasure for the privileged. Child Development Perspectives, 1(2), 109–114. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1750-8606.2007.00024.x

84.

* García

A. C.

Octavio

N. C.

Martín

M. P. F.

(2014). University students in social networks: An exploratory analysis of gender differences. In Annals of the metropolitan university (14, No. 2, p. 9). Universidad Metropolitana. https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/268607305.pdf

85.

* Garcia

A. G.

Velazquez

M. L.

(2020). Relationship between academic self-efficacy, performance and anxious and depressive symptoms in emerging adult college students. Education, 29(57), 87–109. https://doi.org/10.18800/educacion.202002.005

86.

García-Mendoza

M. d. C.

Parra Jiménez

Á.

Freijo

E. B. A.

Arnett

Sánchez Queija

(2024). Family relationships and family predictors of psychological distress in emerging adult college students: A 3-year study. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 48(2), 166–178. https://doi.org/10.1177/01650254231217456

87.

*Gomes

A. P.

Soares

A. L. G.

Kieling

Rohde

L. A.

Gonçalves

(2019). Mental disorders and suicide risk in emerging adulthood: the 1993 pelotas birth cohort. The Revista de Saúde Pública 1993. 53(96), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.11606/s1518-8787.20190530012356

88.

* Gómez-Abarca

(2014). Graffiti: umaexpressão político-cultural juvenil em San Cristobal de Las Casas, Chiapas, México. Revista Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales, Niñez y Juventud, 12(2), 675–689. https://doi.org/10.11600/1692715x.12211120514

89.

*Gomez-Gomez

Gomez-Mir

Valenzuela

(2020). Adolescence and emerging adulthood facing COVID-19 in Spain and the Dominican Republic. Revista de Psicología Clínica con Niños y. Adolescentes, 7(3), 35–41. https://doi.10.21134/rpcna.2020.mon.2043.

90.

* Gonzalez

(2019). Ethnoracial attitudes and identity-salient experiences among indigenous Mexican adolescents and emerging adults. Emerging Adulthood, 7(2), 128–137. https://doi.org/10.1177/2167696818805336

91.

* Grajales

M. F. P.

Zamora Vásquez

Cuevas Jaramillo

M. C.

(2019). Moral disengagement in emerging adults' attitudes towards the Colombian peace accords. Universitas Psychologica, 18(5), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.11144/javeriana.upsy18-5.mdea

92.

* Guerra

V. M.

Giner-Sorolla

R. S.

(2015). Investigating the three ethics in emerging adulthood: A study in five countries (pp. 117–140). Moral Development in a Global World: Research from a Cultural-Developmental Perspective. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1017/cbo9781139583787.007

93.

*Guevara Alarcón

L. M.

Villar Perez

J. P.

Boero

Sandoval Dominguez

Vinet

(2021). Individuation in emerging adulthood: A different way of becoming an adult. Revista REDES, (43), 65–76. https://www.redesdigital.com/index.php/redes/article/view/14.

94.

* Guimarães

M. D.

Elkington

K. S.

Gomes

A. L. F.

Veloso

McKinnon

(2014). HIV sexual risk behavior among emerging adults in psychiatric treatment in Brazil. Journal of HIV/AIDS & Social Services, 13(4), 451–472. https://doi.org/10.1080/15381501.2013.809042

95.

* Gutiérrez-García

R. A.

Benjet

Borges

Méndez Ríos

Medina-Mora

M. E.

(2017). NEET adolescents grown up: Eight-year longitudinal follow-up of education, employment and mental health from adolescence to early adulthood in Mexico city. European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 26(12), 1459–1469. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-017-1004-0

96.

* Gutiérrez-García

R. A.

Benjet

Borges

Méndez Ríos

Medina-Mora

M. E.

(2018). Emerging adults not in education, employment or training (NEET): Socio-demographic characteristics, mental health and reasons for being NEET. BMC Public Health, 18(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-018-6103-4

97.

* Guzmán

Trabucco

Ch. T.

(2014). attachment styles and dyadic empathy in couples among emerging adults/estilos de apego y empatíadiádicaenrelaciones de pareja enadultosemergentes. Revista Argentina de Clinica Psicologica, 23(I), 61. https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=281935591006

98.

* Hagiwara

Green

T. L.

Moreno

Smith

Corona

(2021). Ethnic discrimination and weight outcomes among Latinx emerging adults: Examinations of an individual-level mediator and cultural moderators. Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology, 27(2), 189–200. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/cdp0000336

99.

Hendry

Kloep

(2007). Conceptualizing emerging adulthood: Inspecting the emperor’s new clothes? Child Development Perspectives, 1(2), 74–79. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1750-8606.2007.00017.x

100.

Hendry

L. B.

Kloep

(2010). How universal is emerging adulthood? An empirical example. Journal of Youth Studies, 13(2), 169–179. https://doi.org/10.1080/13676260903295067

101.

* Hernandez

Ramirez Garcia

J. I.

Flynn

(2010). The role of familism in the relation between parent-child discord and psychological distress among emerging adults of Mexican descent. Journal of Family Psychology, 24(2), 105–114. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/a0019140

102.

* Hess

D. C.

Schoenfeld

S. F.

(2016). Adaptation and validation of self determination personal scale in an Argentine sample. Acta Psiquiatrica y Psicologica de America Latina, 62(1), 24–32. https://repositorio.uca.edu.ar/handle/123456789/9315

103.

Hoff

Shanks

K. F.

(2024). Mother–child conversations of latina immigrant and U.S.-Born mothers in the United States. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 55(1), 74–94. https://doi.org/10.1177/00220221231212420

104.

IDEA. International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance . (2023). The global state of democracy 2023. The new checks and balances. IDEA. https://doi.org/10.30752/idea.2023.78

105.

* Kiekens

Hasking

Bruffaerts

Alonso

Auerbach

R. P.

Bantjes

Benjet

Boyes

Chiu

W. T.

Claes

Cuijpers

Ebert

D. D.

Mak

Mortier

O'Neill

Sampson

N. A.

Stein

D. J.

Vilagut

Nock

M. K.

Kessler

R. C.

(2021). Non-suicidal self-injury among first-year college students and its association with mental disorders: Results from the world mental health international college student (WMH-ICS) initiative. Psychological medicine, 53(3), 875–886. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0033291721002245

106.

* Killoren

S. E.

Alfaro

E. C.

Kline

(2016). Mexican American emerging adults' relationships with siblings and dimensions of familism values. Personal Relationships, 23(2), 234–248. https://doi.org/10.1111/pere.12125

107.

* Kramer Fiala Machado

Wendt

Baptista Menezes

A. M.

Gonçalves

Wehrmeister

F. C.

(2021). Sleep duration trajectories from adolescence to emerging adulthood: Findings from a population-based birth cohort. Journal of Sleep Research, 30(3), Article e13155. https://doi.org/10.1111/jsr.13155

108.

* Labbé

López-Neira

Saiz

J. L.

Vinet

E. V.

Boero

(2019). ICT use in Chilean university students: Approach from emerging adulthood. Pensamiento Educativo, Journal of Latin American Research (PEL), 56(2), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.7764/pel.56.2.2019.2

109.

* Lara

Gómez-Urrutia

(2019). Development and validation of the romantic love myths questionnaire. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 36(21-22), NP12342–NP12359. https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260519892958

110.

* Lara

Gómez-Urrutia

(2022). Development and validation of the acceptance of dating violence questionnaire. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 39(4), 1110–1130. https://doi.org/10.1177/02654075211054154

111.

Larson

R. W.

Wilson

Rickman

(2010). Globalization, societal change, and adolescence across the world. In Lerner

Steinberg

(Eds.), Handbook of adolescent psychology (3rd ed., pp. 590–622). John Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470479193.adlpsy002018

112.

*Leiva

V. A.

Tapia

C. N.

Bergeret

Á. Q.

Pérez

C. U.

(2020). Dissatisfaction with body image and nutritional status in university students. Rev. Psychoter, 31(116), 279–294. https://doi.org/10.33898/rdp.v31i116.344

113.

* Leme

V. B. R.

Coimbra

Dutra-Thomé

Braz

A. C.

Morais

G. A. D.

Falcão

A. O.

Fontaine

A. M.

(2021). Preditores das Crenças de Autoeficácia de Jovens Frente aos Papéis de Adulto (Vol. 37). Psicologia: Teoria e Pesquisa. https://doi.org/10.1590/0102.3772e373513

114.

* Lens

Paixao

M. P.

Herrera

Grobler

(2012). Future time perspective as a motivational variable: Content and extension of future goals affect the quantity and quality of motivation. Japanese Psychological Research, 54(3), 321–333. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-5884.2012.00520.x

115.

* León Hernández

González Escobar

Arratia López Fuentes

N. I. G.

Barcelata Eguiarte

B. E.

(2019). Stress, self-efficacy, academic achievement and resilience in emerging adults. Electronic Journal of Research in Educational Psychology, 17(47), 2226. https://doi.org/10.25115/ejrep.v17i47.2226

116.

Leyendecker

Lamb

M. E.

Harwood

R. L.

Schölmerich

(2002). Mothers’ socialisation goals and evaluations of desirable and undesirable everyday situations in two diverse cultural groups. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 26(3), 248–258. https://doi.org/10.1080/01650250143000030

117.

* López-Alvarado

Van Parys

Cevallos-Neira

Enzlin

(2020). Latin American Women´s beliefs, views and ideas about sexual assertiveness: A focus group study in cuenca (Ecuador). The Journal of Sex Research, 57(3), 307–321. https://doi.org/10.1080/00224499.2019.1615031

118.

* Luna-Sánchez

S. E.

Gibbons

J. L.

Grazioso

M. D. P.

Ureta Morales

F. J.

García de la Cadena

(2022). Social axioms mediate gender differences in gender ideologies among Guatemalan university students. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 53(1), 21–42. https://doi.org/10.1177/00220221211049543

119.

* Maldonado

Nazar

(2021). Self-compassion as a moderator between body appreciation and eating styles in emerging adult women. Terapia Psicologica, 39(1), 63–80. https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-48082021000100063

120.

* Mandujano-Salazar

Y. Y.

(2019). Exploring the construction of adulthood and gender identity among single childfree people in Mexico and Japan. Sage Open, 9(2), Article 215824401985584. https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244019855844

121.

* Marzana

Pérez-Acosta

A. M.

Marta

González

M. I.

(2010). Thetransitiontoadulthood in Colombia: A relationalreading. Avances en Psicología Latinoamericana, 28(1), 99–112. https://www.scielo.org.co/pdf/apl/v28n1/v28n1a9.pdf

122.

Mayer

Lerchundi

Domínguez

M. I.

(2020). Las desigualdades en clave generacional hoy: las juventudes y las infancias en el escenario latinoamericano y caribeño. In Las desigualdades en clave generacional hoy (pp. 1–264). Clacso. https://biblioteca.clacso.edu.ar/clacso/gt/20200703035830/Las-desigualdades-en-clave-generacional.pdf.

123.

*Mezquita

Bravo

A. J.

Ortet

Pilatti

Pearson

M. R.

Ibáñez

M. I.

(2018). Crosscultural examination of different personality pathways to alcohol use and misuse in emerging adulthood. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 192(2018), 193–200. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2018.08.004

124.

* Michelini

Godoy

J. C.

(2019). Effect of emotions on risk taking, dishonesty and social cognition in university emerging adults. Quaderns de psicologia, 21(3), 004. https://doi.org/10.5565/rev/qpsicologia.1508

125.

* Michelini

Godoy

J. C.

(2022). Argentine adaptation of two scales of difficulties in emotional regulation in emerging adult university students. Psykhe, 31(1), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.7764/psykhe.2020.22585

126.

* Michelini

Rivarola Montejano

Pilatti

(2021). Risky sexual behaviors in a sample of Argentinean college students: Relationship with substance use, early sexual onset and trait-like impulsivity. Suma Psicológica, 28(2), 120–127. https://doi.org/10.14349/sumapsi.2021.v28.n2.7

127.

* Mieres-Chacaltana

Salvo-Garrido

Denegri

Riquelme-Zavalla

(2019). Prosociality and subjective well-being in physical education pedagogy students. Journal of Sportand Health Research, 11(Suppl 2), 63–74. https://repositoriodigital.uct.cl/handle/10925/3204

128.

* Molina Rojas

(2015). Student population of the university of Costa Rica: Socio-personal characteristics and interests around their personal development. Actualidades Investigativas en Educación, 15(3), 1–26. https://doi.org/10.15517/aie.v15i3.20985

129.

* Moreta-Herrera

Zambrano Estrella

Sanchez-Velez

Naranjo-Vaca

(2021). Mental health in university students in Ecuador: Relevant symptoms, gender differences, and prevalence of cases. Pensamiento psicológico, 19(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.11144/javerianacali.ppsi19.smue

130.

* Mota

C. P.

Rocha

(2012). Adolescência e jovemadultícia: crescimentopessoal, separação-individuação e o jogo das relações. Psicologia: Teoria e Pesquisa, 28(3), 357–366. https://doi.org/10.1590/s0102-37722012000300011

131.

Nathan

(2015). La lenta transición hacia un régimen de fecundidad tardía en Uruguay: los cambios en la edad al primer hijo entre 1978 y 2011. Revista Latinoamericana de Población, 9(17), 37–60. https://doi.org/10.31406/relap2015.v9.i2.n17.4

132.

* Neto

Pinto

M. D. C.

(2015). A cross-cultural investigation of satisfaction with sex life among emerging adults. Social Indicators Research, 120(2), 545–557. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-014-0604-z

133.

* Olivares-Mora

R. M.

Berman

N. C.

Fisak

Ruvalcaba-Romero

Gallegos-Guajardo

(2020). Validation of the interpretation of intrusions inventory for the Mexican population: Cross-cultural discrepancies. Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy, 34(1), 47-57. https://doi.org/10.1891/0889-8391.34.1.47, https://doi.10.1891/0889-8391.34.1.47

134.

* Padilla

Sang

S. A.

Updegraff

K. A.

McHale

S. M.

Umana-Taylor

A. J.

De Jesús

S. A. R.

(2021). Siblings' appraisals of fairness and jealousy in response to parental differential treatment: Longitudinal links to Mexican-origin emerging adults' adjustment. Emerging Adulthood, 9(4), 267–280. https://doi.org/10.1177/2167696819851435

135.

* Paz

Osejo-Taco

Evans

(2021). Trajectories of success and/or distress: Protocol for an observational cohort study investigating changing psychological distress among emerging Ecuadorian adults over a year. BMJ Open, 11(12), Article e056361. https://doi.10.1136/bmjopen-2021-056361

136.

* Pereira

A. S.

Dutra-Thomé

Koller

S. H.

(2016). Social skills and risk and protective factors in emerging adulthood. Psico, 47(4), 268–278. https://doi.org/10.15448/1980-8623.2016.4.23398

137.

Pereira

A. S.

Vilanova

Dutra-Thomé

Koller

S. H.

(2023). Challenges of adolescence and emerging adulthood in Latin America. In Crockett

L. J.

Carlo

Schulenberg

J. E.

(Eds.), APA handbook of adolescent and young adult development (pp. 443–456). American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/0000298-027

138.

* Pereira

A. S.

Willhelm

A. R.

Koller

S. H.

Almeida

R. M. M. d.

(2018). Risk and protective factors for suicide attempt in emerging adulthood. Ciência & Saúde Coletiva, 23(11), 3767–3777. https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-812320182311.29112016

139.

*Pérez

J. C.

Cumsille

Martínez

Loreto

(2008, March). Construct validity of the inventory of dimensions of emerging adulthood in a Chilean sample. In Society for research on adolescence biennial meeting Chicago (p. 1). https://doi.org/10.13140/2.1.5140.5129

140.

* Perez-Brena

N. J.

Updegraff

K. A.

Umaña-Taylor

A. J.

(2015). Transmission of cultural values among Mexican-origin parents and their adolescent and emerging adult offspring. Family Process, 54(2), 232–246. https://doi.org/10.1111/famp.12114

141.

* Persike

Seiffge-Krenke

Cok

Głogowska

Pavlopoulos

Tantaros

Perchec

Rohail

Saravia

J. C.

(2020). Emerging adults' psychopathology in seven countries: The impact of identity-related risk factors. Emerging Adulthood, 8(3), 179–194. https://doi.org/10.1177/2167696818791108

142.

* Pilatti

Michelini

Montejano

G. R.

Berberian

Carrizo

Pautassi

R. M.

(2019). Alcohol and marijuana use in college and non-college students: relationship with vulnerability factors. Quaderns de psicologia. International Journal of Psychology, 21(2), Article e1528. https://doi.org/10.5565/rev/qpsicologia.1528

143.

* Piña-Watson

Llamas

J. D.

Garcia

Cruz

(2019). A multidimensional developmental approach to understanding intragroup marginalization and mental health among adolescents and emerging adults of Mexican descent. Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences, 41(1), 42–62. https://doi.org/10.1177/0739986318816392

144.

* Pizzmato

Calesso-Moreira

Pedro Cé

Paula Eid

(2013). Immigration and Motherhood on the transition to adulthood in Latin American young women. Psychology from the Caribbean, 30(2), 236–256. https://www.proquest.com/scholarly-journals/immigration-motherhood-on-transition-adulthood/docview/1622338241/se-2

145.

* Ponciano

E. L. T.

Féres-Carneiro

(2014). Parent-child relationship in the transition to adulthood, autonomy and relativization of hierarchy. Psicologia: Reflexão e Crítica, 27(2), 388–397. https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-7153.201427220

146.

Ravn

M. N.

(2005). A matter of free choice? Some structural and cultural influences on the decision to have or not to have children in Norway. In Douglass

C. B.

(Ed.), Barren States. The population implosion in Europe (pp. 29–47). Berg Publishers. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003084761-2

147.

* Redondo Pacheco

Inglés Saura

C. J.

García Lizarazo

K. L.

(2017). Role played by age in dating violence among students at the Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana de Bucaramanga. Diversitas: Perspectives in Psychology, 13(1), 41–54. https://doi.org/10.15332/s1794-9998.2017.0001.03

148.

Reifman

Arnett

J. J.

Colwell

M. J.

(2007). Emerging adulthood: Theory, assessment and application. Journal of Youth Development, 2(1), 37–48. https://doi.org/10.5195/jyd.2007.359

149.

* Ribeiro

M. A.

Cardoso

P. M.

Duarte

M. E.

Machado

Figueiredo

P. M.

Fonçatti

G. D. O. S.

(2022). Perception of decent work and the future among low educated youths in Brazil and Portugal. Emerging Adulthood, 10(1), 10–18. https://doi.org/10.1177/2167696820925935

150.

* Rivera

Cruz

Muñoz

(2011). Relationship satisfaction in emerging adulthood: The role of attachment, intimacy, and depression. Terapia Psicologica, 29(1), 77–83. https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-48082011000100008

151.

*Rodriguez

S. N.

Dutra-Thomé

Koller

S. H.

(2021). What do you really want? Change in goals and life satisfaction during emerging adulthood in Brazil. Revista Latinoamericana de Psicologia, 53(2021), 30–36. https://doi.org/10.14349/rlp.2021.v53.4

152.

*Romero

(2002). Dependence and autonomy in university students in Emerging adulthood stage (PDF). Universidad Alberto Hurtado. https://www.uahurtado.cl/wpimages/uploads/2013/11/dependenciay-autonom%c3%ada-enestudiantes-universitarios-en-etapa-de-adultez-emergente.pdf

153.

* Rosales-Villacrés

M. D. L.

Oyanadel

Changotasig-Loja

Betancourt-Peters

PeñateCastro

(2021). The role of mindfulness in the intimate relationships and psychological wellbeing in emerging adulthood. Social Sciences, 10(7), 259. https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci10070259

154.

Rothenbach Stacey

(2015). Emergent adulthood as a developmental stage in Ecuador (Bachelor’s thesis). Universidad San Francisco de Quito. https://repositorio.usfq.edu.ec/bitstream/23000/4675/1/120681.pdf.

155.

Ruiz

Pilatti

Pautassi

R. M.

(2020). Consequences of alcohol use, and its association with psychological distress, sensitivity to emotional contagion and age of onset of alcohol use, in Uruguayan youth with or without college degree. Alcohol, 82(2020), 91–101. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.alcohol.2019.09.001

156.

San Antonio

D. M.

Kaplan-Bucciarelli

(2022). Possibility and constraint in the lives of young rural workers in the United States: The Psychology of working and post-trauma vocational trajectories. Emerging Adulthood, 10(1), 30–41. https://doi.org/10.1177/2167696820957812

157.

* San Antonio

D. M. S.

Cohen-Scali

Aisenson

(2022). The labor of emerging adults in international settings: A call for critical praxis in a time of widening economic injustice. Emerging Adulthood, 10(1), 4–9. https://doi.org/10.1177/21676968211025345

158.

* Sanchez

Esparza

Colón

Davis

K. E.

(2010). Tryin’to make it during the transition from high school: The role of family obligation attitudes and economic context for Latino emerging adults. Journal of Adolescent Research, 25(6), 858–884. https://doi.org/10.1177/0743558410376831

159.

* Seiffge-Krenke

Persike

Tantaros

Saravia

J. C.

Öncü

Çavdar

Perchec

Głogowska

Rohail

(2019). Psychopathology in emerging adults in seven countries: Impact of identity-related risk factors. Psychotherapeut, 64(2), 143–152. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00278-018-0319-8

160.

* Seiffge-Krenke

Weitkamp

(2020). How individual coping, mental health, and parental behavior are related to identity development in emerging adults in seven countries. Emerging Adulthood, 8(5), 344–360. https://doi.org/10.1177/2167696819863504

161.

* Shagar

P. S.

Harris

Boddy

Donovan

C. L.

(2017). The relationship between body image concerns and weight-related behaviours of adolescents and emerging adults: A systematic review. Behaviour Change, 34(4), 208–252. https://doi.org/10.1017/bec.2018.3

162.

* Sharp

E. H.

Coatsworth

J. D.

Darling

Cumsille

Ranieri

(2007). Gender differences in the self-defining activities and identity experiences of adolescents and emerging adults. Journal of Adolescence, 30(2), 251–269. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2006.02.006

163.

* Soriano-Hernandez

D. A.

Romero-Michel

J. C.

Velasco-Rodriguez

Mendoza-Hernandez

M. A.

Briseño-Gomez

X. G.

Martinez-Escamilla

Mojarro-Iglesias

J. E.

Rodriguez-Sanchez

I. P.

Guzman-Esquivel

Martinez-Fierro

M. L.

Ceja-Espiritu

Del Toro-Equihua

Barajas-Saucedo

C. E.

Delgado-Enciso

O. G.

Lara-Esqueda

Muñiz-Ramirez

Delgado-Enciso

(2020). The automobile as a sexual enhancer: How having a car affects the sexual behavior of emerging adults that are university students. Sexuality Research and Social Policy, 17(3), 389–398. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13178-019-00403-2

164.

Sultana

R. G.

(2022). Closing commentary, opening conversations: Liminal reflections on decent work, emerging adulthood, and social justice. Emerging Adulthood, 10(1), 68–75. https://doi.org/10.1177/21676968211029760

165.

Twenge

J. M.

(2006). Generation Me: Why today's young Americansare more confident, assertive, entitled - and more miserable thanever before. Free Press. https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2006-03940-000

166.

Twenge

J. M.

Foster

J. D.

(2010). Birth cohort increases in narcissistic personality traits among American college students, 1982-2009. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 1(1), 99–106. https://doi.org/10.1177/1948550609355719

167.

* Urrutia

Rodriguez-Gonzalez

Schweer-Collins

M. L.

Shriner

(2021). The association between differentiation of self and emotional connectedness in a sample of Panamanian emerging adults. American Journal of Family Therapy, 51(2), 153–169. https://doi.org/10.1080/01926187.2021.1958266

168.

* Van der Does

Adem

(2019). Gendered paths in ethnic identity exploration between adolescence and emerging adulthood. Emerging Adulthood, 7(2), 109–118. https://doi.org/10.1177/2167696818793809

169.

* Vaughan

E. L.

Kratz

L. M.

Escobar

O. S.

Middendorf

K. G.

(2013). Latino subgroup as a moderator of the relationship between language usage and alcohol use in a national sample of Latino emerging adults. Journal of Latina/o psychology, 1(3), 182–194. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/a0033384

170.

* Weisskirch

R. S.

(2013). Family relationships, self-esteem, and self-efficacy among language brokering Mexican American emerging adults. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 22(8), 1147–1155. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-012-9678-x

171.

* Wright

C. L.

(2014). Sexual behaviors of Hispanic emerging adults: Examining the immigrant paradox. Marriage & Family Review, 50(3), 246–268. https://doi.org/10.1080/01494929.2013.879550

172.

* Wyngaarden

Humphries

Skinner

Tosta

E. L.

Portillo

V. Z.

Orellana

Dodd

(2022). ‘This helps you see life differently’: Evaluating youth development and capability expansion in remote communities of Honduras. Progress in Development Studies, 22(2), 174–195. https://doi.org/10.1177/14649934211067609

173.

Yopo Díaz

(2023). La postergación de la maternidad en chile: entre autonomía y precariedad. Universum (Talca), 38(2), 591–616. https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-23762023000200591

Supplementary Material

Please find the following supplemental material available below.

For Open Access articles published under a Creative Commons License, all supplemental material carries the same license as the article it is associated with.

For non-Open Access articles published, all supplemental material carries a non-exclusive license, and permission requests for re-use of supplemental material or any part of supplemental material shall be sent directly to the copyright owner as specified in the copyright notice associated with the article.

0.00 MB

0.10 MB

0.61 MB